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Quinoa (, from Quechua ''kinwa'' or ''kinuwa'' ) is a species of the goosefoot genus (''Chenopodium quinoa''), a grain crop grown primarily for its edible seeds. It is a pseudocereal, similar in some respects to buckwheat, rather than a true cereal, as it is not a member of the true grass family. As a chenopod, quinoa is closely related to species such as beetroots, spinach and tumbleweeds. As a member of the Amaranthaceae family, it is related to and resembles amaranth, which is also a pseudocereal. It is high in protein, and is tolerant of dry soil. The Food and Agricultural Organisation of the United Nations (FAO) declared 2013 to be the International Year of Quinoa.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=INTERNATIONAL YEAR OF QUINOA 2013 )〕 ==Overview== Quinoa originated in the Andean region of Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador and Colombia, and was domesticated 3,000 to 4,000 years ago for human consumption in the Lake Titicaca basin, though archaeological evidence shows a non-domesticated association with pastoral herding some 5,200 to 7,000 years ago. Similar ''Chenopodium'' species, such as pitseed goosefoot (''Chenopodium berlandieri'') and fat hen (''Chenopodium album''), were grown and domesticated in North America as part of the Eastern Agricultural Complex before maize agriculture became popular.〔Smith, Bruce 1999 "The Emergence of Agriculture", W H Freeman & Co., New York. ISBN 0-7167-6030-4}〕 Fat hen, which has a widespread distribution in the Northern Hemisphere, produces edible seeds and greens much like quinoa, but in smaller quantities. The nutrient composition is favourable compared with common cereals. Quinoa seeds contain essential amino acids like lysine and acceptable quantities of calcium, phosphorus, and iron.〔 After harvest, the seeds must be processed to remove the coating containing the bitter-tasting saponins. The seeds are in general cooked the same way as rice and can be used in a wide range of dishes. The leaves are eaten as a leaf vegetable, much like amaranth, but commercial availability of quinoa greens is limited. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「quinoa」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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