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pleonasm
Pleonasm (, from Greek πλεονασμός ''pleonasmos'' from πλέον ''pleon'' "more, too much") is the use of more words or parts of words than is necessary for clear expression: examples are ''black darkness'', ''burning fire'', or ''people's democracy''. Such redundancy is, by traditional rhetorical criteria, a manifestation of tautology.
==Pleonastic usage==
Often, ''pleonasm'' is understood to mean a word or phrase which is useless, clichéd, or repetitive, but a pleonasm can also be simply an unremarkable use of idiom. It can even aid in achieving a specific linguistic effect, be it social, poetic, or literary. In particular, pleonasm sometimes serves the same function as rhetorical repetition—it can be used to reinforce an idea, contention or question, rendering writing clearer and easier to understand. Further, pleonasm can serve as a redundancy check: If a word is unknown, misunderstood, or misheard, or the medium of communication is poor—a wireless telephone connection or sloppy handwriting—pleonastic phrases can help ensure that the entire meaning gets across even if some of the words get lost.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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