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piranha
A piranha or piraña (, , or ; , ) is a member of family Characidae〔
〕 in order Characiformes, an omnivorous freshwater fish that inhabits South American rivers. In Venezuela, they are called ''caribes''. They are known for their sharp teeth, powerful jaws, and voracious appetite for meat.
==Taxonomy and evolution==
Piranhas belong to the subfamily Serrasalminae, which includes closely related omnivorous〔(Black-finned Pacu Fish, Colossoma macropomum Profile with care, maintenance requirements and breeding information for your tropical fish ). Badmanstropicalfish.com. Retrieved on 13 May 2012.〕 fish such as pacus. Traditionally, only the four genera ''Pristobrycon'', ''Pygocentrus'', ''Pygopristis'', and ''Serrasalmus'' are considered to be true piranhas, due to their specialized teeth. However, a recent analysis showed, if the piranha group is to be monophyletic, it should be restricted to ''Serrasalmus'', ''Pygocentrus'', and part of ''Pristobrycon'', or expanded to include these taxa plus ''Pygopristis'', ''Catoprion'', and ''Pristobrycon striolatus''. ''Pygopristis'' was found to be more closely related to ''Catoprion'' than the other three piranha genera.〔
The total number of piranha species is unknown and contested, and new species continue to be described. Estimates range from fewer than 30 to more than 60.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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