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Phycobiliproteins are water-soluble proteins present in cyanobacteria and certain algae (rhodophytes, cryptomonads, glaucocystophytes) that capture light energy, which is then passed on to chlorophylls during photosynthesis. Phycobiliproteins are formed of a complex between proteins and covalently bound phycobilins that act as chromophores (the light-capturing part). They are most important constituents of the phycobilisomes. ''Major phycobiliproteins'': == Characteristics and applications in biotechnology == Phycobiliproteins elicit great fluorescent properties compared to small organic fluorophores, especially when high sensitivity or multicolor detection is required : * Broad and high absorption of light suits many light sources * Very intense emission of light: 10-20 times brighter than small organic fluorophores * Relative large Stokes shift gives low background, and allows multicolor detections. * Excitation and emission spectra do not overlap compared to conventional organic dyes. * Can be used in tandem (simultaneous use by FRET) with conventional chromophores (i.e. PE and FITC, or APC and SR101 with the same light source). * Fluorescence retention period is longer. * Very high water solubility As a result, phycobiliproteins allow very high detection sensitivity, and can be used in various fluorescence based techniques (fluorimetric microplate assays ),〔MicroPlate Detection comparison between SureLight®P-3L, other fluorophores and enzymatic detection Columbia Biosciences, 2010〕 (Flow Cytometry ),〔Cyanobacterial stabilized phycobilisomes as fluorochromes for extracellular antigen detection by flow cytometry Telford - J. Immun. Methods, 2001〕 FISH and multicolor detection. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「phycobiliprotein」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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