|
|Section2= |Section3= }} Phthalocyanine is an intensely blue-green-coloured aromatic macrocyclic compound that is widely used in dyeing.〔''The Phthalocyanines'', Vol. 1–4. C. C. Leznoff and A.B.P. Lever (eds.), Wiley 1986–1993.〕〔McKeown, Neil B. (1998) ''Phthalocyanine Materials – Synthesis, Structure and Function''. Cambridge University Press〕〔''The Porphyrin Handbook'', Vols. 15–20; Karl Kadish, Kevin M. Smith, Roger Guilard (eds); Academic Press 2003.〕 Phthalocyanines form coordination complexes with most elements of the periodic table. These complexes are also intensely colored and also are used as dyes or pigments. ==Properties== Unsubstituted phthalocyanine, abbreviated , and many of its complexes have very low solubility in organic solvents. Benzene at 40 °C dissolves less than a milligram of or CuPc per litre. or CuPc dissolve easily in sulfuric acid due to the protonation of the nitrogen atoms bridging the pyrrole rings. Many phthalocyanine compounds are thermally very stable, do not melt but can be sublimed, CuPc sublimes at >500 °C under inert gases (nitrogen, ). Substituted phthalocyanine complexes often have much higher solubility. They are less thermally stable and often can not be sublimed. Unsubstituted phthalocyanines strongly absorb light between 600 and 700 nm, thus these materials are blue or green. Substitution can shift the absorption towards longer wavelengths, changing the color from pure blue to green to colorless (when the absorption is in the near infrared). Phthalocyanines are structurally related to other macrocyclic pigments, especially the porphyrins. Both feature four pyrrole-like subunits linked to form a 16-membered ring. The pyrrole-like rings within are closely related to isoindole. Both porphyrins and phthalocyanines function as planar tetradentate dianionic ligands that bind metals through four inwardly projecting nitrogen centers. Such complexes are formally derivatives of , the conjugate base of . Many derivatives of the parent phthalocyanine are known, where either carbon atoms of the macrocycle are exchanged for nitrogen atoms or where the hydrogen atoms of the ring are substituted by functional groups like halogens, hydroxy, amino, alkyl, aryl, thiol, alkoxy, nitro, etc. groups. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「phthalocyanine」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|