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In human anatomy, the perineum (;〔''OED'' 2nd edition, 1989 as and .〕 Late Latin, from Greek περίνεος - ''perineos''〔(περίνεος ), Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', on Perseus〕) is a region of the body including the perineal body and surrounding structures. There is some variability in how the boundaries are defined. According to some definitions, in females it is located between the vagina and anus and in males between the scrotum and anus. ==Terminology== It is generally defined as the surface region in both males and females between the pubic symphysis and the coccyx. The perineum is the region of the body inferior to the pelvic diaphragm and between the legs. It is a diamond-shaped area on the inferior surface of the trunk that includes the anus and, in females, the vagina.〔Gray, Henry. ''Anatomy of the Human Body''. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1918; Bartleby.com, 2000.〕 Its definition varies: it can refer to only the superficial structures in this region, or it can be used to include both superficial and deep structures. The perineum corresponds to the outlet of the pelvis. It is an erogenous zone for both males and females. Perineal tears and episiotomy often occur in childbirth with first-time deliveries, but the risk of these injuries can be reduced by preparing the perineum, often through massage. There are a number of American slang terms commonly used for this area of the human body, such as "gouch" and "taint". The anogenital distance is a measure of the distance between the anus and the base of the penis or vagina. Studies show that the human perineum is twice as long in males as in females. Measuring the anogenital distance in neonatal humans has been suggested as a noninvasive method to determine male feminisation and thereby predict neonatal and adult reproductive disorders.〔Michelle Welsh, et al.: ("Identification in rats of a programming window for reproductive tract masculinization, disruption of which leads to hypospadias and cryptorchidism" ). ''Journal of Clinical Investigation'', 13 March 2008.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「perineum」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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