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panentheism
Panentheism (meaning "all-in-God", from the Ancient Greek ''pân'', "all", ''en'', "in" and ''Theós'', "God"), also known as Monistic Monotheism,〔http://www.philosophybasics.com/branch_panentheism.html〕 is a belief system which posits that the divine – whether as a single God, number of gods, or other form of "cosmic animating force"〔Hinnells, J. R., ''The New Penguin Handbook of Living Religions'', Penguin, London: 1997, p. 282.〕 – interpenetrates every part of the universe and extends, timelessly (and, presumably, spacelessly) beyond it. Unlike pantheism, which holds that the divine and the universe are identical, panentheism maintains a distinction between the divine and non-divine and the significance of both.〔John Culp (2013). ("Panentheism," ) ''Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy'', Spring. Retrieved 18 March 2014.〕
In pantheism, the universe and everything included in it is equal to the Divine, but in panentheism, the universe and the divine are not ontologically equivalent. God is viewed as the soul of the universe, the universal spirit present everywhere, in everything and everyone, at all times. Some versions suggest that the universe is nothing more than the manifest part of God. In some forms of panentheism, the cosmos exists within God, who in turn "transcends", "pervades" or is "in" the cosmos. While pantheism asserts that 'All is God', panentheism goes further to claim that God is greater than the universe. In addition, some forms indicate that the universe is contained within God,〔 like in the concept of Tzimtzum. Much Hindu thought is highly characterized by panentheism and pantheism.〔() Britannica - Pantheism and Panentheism in non-Western cultures〕〔Whiting, Robert. (Religions for Today ) Stanley Thomes (Publishers) Ltd. P. VIII. ISBN 0-7487-0586-4.〕 Hasidic Judaism merges the elite ideal of nullification to paradoxical transcendent Divine Panentheism, through intellectual articulation of inner dimensions of Kabbalah, with the populist emphasis on the panentheistic Divine immanence in everything.
== Ancient panentheism ==
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