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A nucleophile is a chemical species that donates an electron pair to an electrophile to form a chemical bond in relation to a reaction. All molecules or ions with a free pair of electrons or at least one pi bond can act as nucleophiles. Because nucleophiles donate electrons, they are by definition Lewis bases. Nucleophilic describes the affinity of a nucleophile to the nuclei. Nucleophilicity, sometimes referred to as nucleophile strength, refers to a substance's nucleophilic character and is often used to compare the affinity of atoms. Neutral nucleophilic reactions with solvents such as alcohols and water are named solvolysis. Nucleophiles may take part in nucleophilic substitution, whereby a nucleophile becomes attracted to a full or partial positive charge. == History == The terms ''nucleophile'' and ''electrophile'' were introduced by Christopher Kelk Ingold in 1933,〔''266. Significance of tautomerism and of the reactions of aromatic compounds in the electronic theory of organic reactions'' C. K. Ingold, ''J. Chem. Soc.''; 1933; 1120-1127. 〕 replacing the terms ''anionoid'' and ''cationoid'' proposed earlier by A. J. Lapworth in 1925.〔Lapworth, A. Nature 1925, 115, 625〕 The word nucleophile is derived from nucleus and the Greek word φιλος, philos for love. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「nucleophile」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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