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In Advaita Vedanta and Jnana Yoga Nididhyasana (Sanskrit: निदिध्यासन) is profound and repeated meditation〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Spokensanskrit.de )〕 on the mahavakyas, great Upanishadic statements such as "That art Thou", to realize the identity of Atman and Brahman. It is the fourth step in the training of a sisya (disciple), consisting of preparatory practives, listening to the teachings as contained in the sruti, reflection on the teachings, and nididhyasana. ==Four stages of practice== Nididhyasana is the final step in the correct understanding of the meaning of the Mahavakyas. Classical Advaita Vedanta emphasises the path of Jnana Yoga, a progression of study and training to attain moksha. It consists of four stages:〔 * Samanyasa or ''Sampatti''s,〔Adi Shankara, ''Tattva bodha'' (1.2)〕 the "fourfold discipline" (''sādhana-catustaya''), cultivating the following four qualities: * * ' (नित्यानित्य वस्तु विवेकम्) — The ability (viveka) to correctly discriminate between the eternal (''nitya'') substance (''Brahman'') and the substance that is transitory existence (''anitya''). * * ' (इहाऽमुत्रार्थ फल भोगविरागम्) — The renunciation (''virāga'') of enjoyments of objects (''artha phala bhoga'') in this world (''iha'') and the other worlds (''amutra'') like heaven etc. * * ' (शमादि षट्क सम्पत्ति) — the sixfold qualities, * * * ''Śama'' (control of the ). * * * ''Dama'' (the control of external sense organs). * * * ''Uparati'' (the cessation of these external organs so restrained, from the pursuit of objects other than that, or it may mean the abandonment of the prescribed works according to scriptural injunctions). * * * ''Titikṣa'' (the tolerating of ). * * * ''Śraddhā'' (the faith in Guru and Vedas). * * *''Samādhāna'' (the concentrating of the mind on God and Guru). * * ' (मुमुक्षुत्वम्) — The firm conviction that the nature of the world is misery and the intense longing for ''moksha'' (''release from the cycle of births and deaths''). * Sravana, listening to the teachings of the sages on the Upanishads and Advaita Vedanta, and studying the Vedantic texts, such as the Brahma Sutras. In this stage the student learns about the reality of Brahman and the identity of atman; * Manana, the stage of reflection on the teachings; * Nididhyāsana, the stage of meditation on the truth "that art Thou".〔〔(Oxford Index, ''nididhyāsana'' )〕 Nididhyasana is a rational and cognitive process, which differs from dhyana (meditation). It is necessary for gaining ''Brahmajnana'': Nididhyasana done independently of ''sravana'' does not lead to the realization of the Atman. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nididhyāsana」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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