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A mufti (; (アラビア語:مفتي) '; (トルコ語:müftü)) is an Islamic scholar who is an interpreter or expounder of Islamic law (Sharia and fiqh).〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url=http://www.thefreedictionary.com/mufti )〕 A muftiate or diyanet is a council of muftis. William Cleveland wrote in his ''A History of the Modern Middle East'' that muftis were "experts in Islamic law qualified to give authoritative legal opinions known as fatwas; muftis were members of the ulama establishment and ranked above qadis". Within Islamic legal schools, a mufti is considered the pinnacle in the hierarchy of scholars because of the advanced training required for the individual aspiring to be a mufti. Originally, muftis were private individuals who gave fatwas informally, regulated their own activities, and determined their own standards of the fatwa institution. A mufti could also be defined as an individual well-grounded in Islamic law. ==Qualifications== A mufti will generally go through a course in ''iftaa'', the issuance of ''fatwa'', and the person should fulfill the following conditions set by scholars in order that he may be able to issue verdicts (fatwas):〔(Reaching the status of mufti ) by Abdurrahman ibn Yusuf Mangera.〕 # Knowing Arabic, # Mastering the study of principles of jurisprudence, # Having sufficient knowledge of social realities, # Mastering the study of comparative religions, # Mastering the foundations of social sciences, # Mastering the study of Maqasid ash-Shari`ah (Objectives of Shari`ah), # Mastering the study of Hadith, # Mastering legal maxims. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「mufti」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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