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meiocyte
A meiocyte is a type of cell that differentiates into a gamete through the process of meiosis. Through meiosis, the diploid meiocyte divides into four genetically different haploid gametes.〔Libeau, P., Durandet, M., Granier, F., Marquis, C., Berthomé, R., Renou, J. P., Taconnat-Soubirou, L., and Horlow, C. (2011). ( Gene expression profiling of ''Arabidopsis'' meiocytes. ) ''Plant Biology'' 13, 784-793.〕〔Roig, I., Brieno-Enriquez, M. A., Caldes, M. G. (2011). ( Meiosis in a bottle: new approaches to overcome mammalian meiocyte study limitations. ) ''Genes'' 2, 152-168.〕 The control of the meiocyte through the meiotic cell cycle varies between different groups of organisms.
==Yeast==
The process of meiosis has been extensively studied in model organisms, such as yeast.〔〔Yang, X., Makaroff, C. A., and Ma, H. (2003). ( The Arabidopsis ''MALE MEIOCYTE DEATH1'' gene encodes a PHD-finger protein that is required for male meiosis. ) ''The Plant Cell'' 15, 1281-1295.〕 Because of this, the way in which the meiocyte is controlled through the meiotic cell cycle is best understood in this group of organisms.〔 A yeast meiocyte that is undergoing meiosis must pass through a number of checkpoints in order to complete the cell cycle.〔 If a meiocyte divides and this division results in a mutant cell, the mutant cell will undergo apoptosis and, therefore, will not complete the cycle.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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