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''l'Espresso'' is an Italian weekly news magazine. It is one of the two most prominent Italian weeklies, the other being ''Panorama''. ==History and profile== One of Italy's foremost newsmagazines, ''l'Espresso'' was founded as a weekly magazine in Rome in October 1955〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.lifeinitaly.com/culture/italian-magazines )〕 by the N.E.R. (''Nuove Edizioni Romane'') publishing house of Carlo Caracciolo and the progressive industrialist Adriano Olivetti, manufacturer of Olivetti typewriters. The chief editors were Arrigo Benedetti and Eugenio Scalfari.〔(Carlo Caracciolo: newspaper publisher who set up La Repubblica ), ''The Times'', 8 January 2009〕 ''l'Espresso'' was characterized from the beginning by an aggressive investigative journalism strongly focussed on corruption and clientelism by the Christian Democrat party. In the 1950s it uncovered major scandals in the health and housing industries.〔 This made the main shareholder Olivetti unpopular with the ministries and large companies that were the primary customers of his main business. In 1956, with the magazine losing money, Olivetti made Caracciolo a present of the majority shareholding.〔 Benedetti and Scalfari entered as major shareholders as well.〔 The experienced Benedetti, who had directed the newsmagazine ''L'Europeo'' (1945–54), was the editor-in-chief until 1963, when he handed over to Scalfari. At the time average circulation reached 70,000 copies.〔(History ), Gruppo Editoriale L'Espresso (Retrieved 30 January 2010)〕 In 1968, Scalfari was elected to the Italian Chamber of Deputies (1968–1972) and handed over as editor to . The original format of the magazine was in the form of large newspaper and it was converted into a small glossy format in 1974. In 1965 it introduced colour printing for photos, text and adverts. The publishing company N.E.R. changed its corporate title to ''Editoriale L'Espresso'' in 1975 while circulation at the time exceeded 300,000 copies.〔 In January 1976 the ''Gruppo Editoriale L'Espresso'' also launched the daily newspaper ''La Repubblica'' with Eugenio Scalfari as editor-in-chief, in a joint venture with Arnoldo Mondadori Editore.〔 In 1967 it revealed the attempted 1964 coup d'état by General Giovanni Di Lorenzo and in 1976 it conducted a strong campaign against the then Italian President, Giovanni Leone, for his alleged involvement in the Lockheed scandal. During the 1970s and 1980s it strongly supported the campaigns for divorce and abortion.〔 From the mid-1970s onwards a fierce competition developed with Italy's other major newsmagazine, ''Panorama'', founded in 1962. The rivalry increased dramatically in the early 1990s when Silvio Berlusconi – already controlling ''Panorama'' – attempted to absorb ''l'Espresso'' as well.〔 The clash between Berlusconi and Carlo De Benedetti over the control of the Mondadori Group resulted in a break-up of assets leading to the creation of the Espresso Group in its current form, with the CIR Group as majority shareholder.〔 Renowned journalists and writers who worked for ''l'Espresso'' include Giorgio Bocca, Umberto Eco, , Enzo Biagi, Michele Serra, Marco Travaglio, Roberto Saviano, Naomi Klein and Jeremy Rifkin. In 2002 Daniela Hamaui was appointed editor-in-chief of the weekly, being the first woman to hold the post. ''l'Espresso'' is based in Rome, but its business and finance newsroom is in Milan, Italy, now under Gruppo Editoriale L'Espresso property.〔 The editor is . ''l'Espresso'' has a website with news and blogs. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「l'espresso」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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