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kerning
In typography, kerning (less commonly mortising) is the process of adjusting the spacing between characters in a proportional font, usually to achieve a visually pleasing result. Kerning adjusts the space between individual letter forms, while tracking (letter-spacing) adjusts spacing uniformly over a range of characters. In a well-kerned font, the two-dimensional blank spaces between each pair of characters all have a visually similar area.
The related term kern denotes a part of a type letter that overhangs the edge of the type block.
== Metal typesetting ==
The source of the word ''kern'' is from the French word ''carne'', meaning "projecting angle, quill of a pen". The French term originated from the Latin ''cardo'', ''cardinis'', meaning "hinge".〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/kern )〕 In the days when all type was cast metal, parts of a sort that needed to overlap adjacent letters simply hung off the edge of the sort slug. The bit of metal that hung over the edge was called a kern. At that time, the word "kerning" only referred to manufacturing the sorts with kerns, while adjusting space between letters during compositing was called inter-spacing or letter spacing.
Because this method was not well-suited to some pairs of letters, ligatures were supplied for those glyph combinations, such as the French ''L’'', or the combinations ''ff'', ''fi'' and ''ffi''.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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