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Infanticide (or infant homicide) is the intentional killing of children under the age of 12 months according to the Infanticide Act 1938 in the UK.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Perinatal risk factors for neonaticide and infant homicide: can we identify those at risk? )〕 Parental infanticide are more commonly done by fathers than mothers but vice versa for neonaticide.〔Dr. Neil S. Kaye M.D - Families, Murder, and Insanity: A Psychiatric Review of Paternal Neonaticide〕 In many past societies, certain forms of infanticide were considered permissible. In some countries, female infanticide is more common than the killing of male offspring, due to sex-selective infanticide.〔(Delhi Laadli scheme 2008 ) Government of Delhi, India〕 In China for example, the gender gap between males and females aged 0–19 year old were estimated to be 25 million in 2010 by the United Nations Population Fund,〔Christophe Z Guilmoto, (Sex imbalances at birth Trends, consequences and policy implications ) United Nations Population Fund, Hanoi (October 2011)〕 mainly caused by child abandonment and adoption, and by gender-selected abortion. ==History and pre-history== The practice of infanticide has taken many forms. Child sacrifice to supernatural figures or forces, such as that believed to have been practiced in ancient Carthage, may be only the most notorious example in the ancient world. Anthropologist Laila Williamson notes that "Infanticide has been practiced on every continent and by people on every level of cultural complexity, from hunter gatherers to high civilizations, including our own ancestors. Rather than being an exception, then, it has been the rule." A frequent method of infanticide in ancient Europe and Asia was simply to abandon the infant, leaving it to die by exposure (i.e. hypothermia, hunger, thirst, or animal attack).〔Justin Martyr, ''First Apology.''〕 Infant abandonment still occurs in modern societies.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url=http://meero.worldvision.org/issue_details.php?issueID=10 ) 〕 In at least one island in Oceania, infanticide was carried out until the 20th century by suffocating the infant,〔Diamond, Jared (2005). ''Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed''. ISBN 0-14-303655-6.〕 while in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica and in the Inca Empire it was carried out by sacrifice (see below). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「infanticide」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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