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|Section2= |Section3= |Section4= |Section5= |Section6= }} Hydroxylamine is an inorganic compound with the formula NH2OH. The pure material is a white, unstable crystalline, hygroscopic compound.〔Greenwood and Earnshaw. ''Chemistry of the Elements.'' 2nd Edition. Reed Educational and Professional Publishing Ltd. pp. 431–432. 1997.〕 However, hydroxylamine is almost always provided and used as an aqueous solution. It is used to prepare oximes, an important functional group. It is also an intermediate in biological nitrification. The oxidation of NH3 is mediated by the enzyme hydroxylamine oxidoreductase (HAO). ==History== Hydroxylamine was first prepared as hydroxylamine hydrochloride in 1865 by the German chemist Wilhelm Clemens Lossen (1838-1906); he reacted tin and hydrochloric acid in the presence of ethyl nitrate.〔W. C. Lossen (1865) ("Ueber das Hydroxylamine" ) (On hydroxylamine), ''Zeitschrift für Chemie'', 8 : 551-553. From p. 551: ''"Ich schlage vor, dieselbe ''Hydroxylamin'' oder ''Oxyammoniak'' zu nennen."'' (I propose to call it ''hydroxylamine'' or ''oxyammonia''.)〕 It was first prepared in pure form in 1891 by the Dutch chemist Lobry de Bruyn and by the French chemist Léon Maurice Crismer (1858-1944).〔C. A. Lobry de Bruyn (1891) ("Sur l'hydroxylamine libre" ) (On free hydroxylamine), ''Recueil des travaux chimiques des Pays-Bas'', 10 : 100-112.〕〔L. Crismer (1891) ("Préparation de l'hydroxylamine cristallisée" ) (Preparation of crystalized hydroxylamine), ''Bulletin de la Société chimique de Paris'', series 3, 6 : 793-795.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「hydroxylamine」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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