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A homograph (from the (ギリシア語:ὁμός), ''homós'', "same" and γράφω, ''gráphō'', "write") is a word that shares the same written form as another word but has a different meaning. However, some dictionaries insist that the words must also sound differently,〔(''Homophones and Homographs: An American Dictionary, 4th ed.'' ), McFarland, 2006, p. 3.〕 while the Oxford English Dictionary says that the words should also be of "different origin".〔Oxford English Dictionary: ''homograph''.〕 In this vein, ''The Oxford Guide to Practical Lexicography'' lists various types of homographs, including those in which the words are discriminated by being in a different ''word class'', such as ''hit'', the verb ''to strike'', and ''hit'' the noun ''a blow''.〔Atkins, BTS.; Rundell, M., (''The Oxford Guide to Practical Lexicography'' ), OUP Oxford, 2008, pp. 192 - 193.〕 If, when spoken, the meanings may be distinguished by different pronunciations, the words are also heteronyms. Words with the same writing ''and'' pronunciation (i.e. are both homographs and homophones) are considered homonyms. However, in a looser sense the term "homonym" may be applied to words with the same writing ''or'' pronunciation. Homograph disambiguation is critically important in speech synthesis, natural language processing and other fields. Identically-written different senses of what is judged to be fundamentally the ''same'' word are called polysemes; for example, ''wood'' (substance) and ''wood'' (area covered with trees). ==In English== Examples: *''bear'' (verb) – to support or carry :''bear'' (noun) – the animal The words are identical in spelling and pronunciation (i.e. they are also homophones), but differ in meaning and grammatical function. *''sow'' (verb) – to plant seed :''sow'' (noun) – female pig The two words are spelt identically but pronounced differently. Here confusion is not possible in spoken language but could occur in written language. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「homograph」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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