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is the Japanese word for the surviving victims of the 1945 atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The word literally translates as "explosion-affected people" and is used to refer to people who were exposed to radiation from the bombings. ==Official recognition== The Atomic Bomb Survivors Relief Law defines ''hibakusha'' as people who fall into one of the following categories: within a few kilometers of the hypocenters of the bombs; within 2 km of the hypocenters within two weeks of the bombings; exposed to radiation from fallout; or not yet born but carried by pregnant women in any of these categories.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Overseas Atomic Bomb Survivors Support Program )〕 , 183,519 ''hibakusha'' were recognized by the Japanese government, most living in Japan. The government of Japan recognizes about 1% of these as having illnesses caused by radiation. ''Hibakusha'' are entitled to government support. They receive a certain amount of allowance per month. About 1%, certified as suffering from bomb-related diseases, receive a special medical allowance.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=30 A-bomb survivors apply for radiation illness benefits )〕 The memorials in Hiroshima and Nagasaki contain lists of the names of the ''hibakusha'' who are known to have died since the bombings. Updated annually on the anniversaries of the bombings, the memorials record the names of more than 460,000 ''hibakusha''; 297,684 in Hiroshima and 168,767 in Nagasaki. In 1957 the Japanese Parliament passed a law providing for free medical care for hibakusha. During the 1970s, non-Japanese hibakusha who suffered from those atomic attacks began to demand the right for free medical care and the right to stay in Japan for that purpose. In 1978 the Japanese Supreme Court ruled that such persons were entitled to free medical care while staying in Japan.〔(US diplomatic cable reporting the ruling )〕〔(My Life: Interview with former Hiroshima Mayor Takashi Hiraoka ), Part 10, ''Chugoku Shimbun''〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「hibakusha」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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