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Hexachlorophene, also known as Nabac, is an organochlorine compound that was once widely used as a disinfectant. The compound occurs as a white solid (although commercial samples can be off-white) and can be odorless or possess a slightly phenolic odor. In medicine, hexachlorophene is very useful as a topical anti-infective, anti-bacterial agent, often used in soaps and toothpaste. It is also used in agriculture as a soil fungicide, plant bactericide, and acaricide. ==Commercialization and removal from U.S. market== In 1972, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) halted the production and distribution of products containing more than 1% of hexachlorophene.〔''Germicide Limit Stirs Confusion'', New York Times, September 24, 1972, pg. 53.〕 After that point, most products that contain hexachlorophene were available only by prescription from a doctor.〔(The Milwaukee Sentinel: "US Order Curbs Hexachlorophene" (UPI), September 23, 1972. From Google News. )〕 The restrictions were enacted after reports of 15 deaths in the United States and 39 deaths in France were reported following brain damage caused by hexachlorophene. 〔(Ocala Star Banner, "15 Deaths Cited In Use of Germ Killer, Hexachlorophene" (AP), March 21, 1973. From Google News. )〕 At least two companies manufactured over-the-counter preparations incorporating hexachlorophene. One product was ''Baby Magic Bath'' by The Mennen Company. Mennen recalled the product in 1971, and it was removed from retail distribution. Immediately after the withdrawal, there was an outbreak of ''Staphylococcus'' infections in hospitals across the USA. Two commercial preparations using hexachlorophene, ''pHisoDerm'' and ''pHisoHex'', were widely used as effective antibacterial skin cleansers in the treatment of acne, with ''pHisoDerm'' developed for those allergic to the active ingredients in ''pHisoHex''. In the US during the 1960s, both were available over the counter. After the ban was enacted, ''pHisoDerm'' was reformulated without hexachlorophene, and continued to be sold over-the-counter, while ''pHisoHex'', which contained 3% hexachlorophene (three times the legal limit imposed in 1972),〔 became available (and remain available today) as a prescription body wash. In the European Community countries during the 1970s and 1980s, ''pHisoHex'' was available over the counter. A related product, ''pHisoAc'', was used as a skin mask to dry and peel away acne lesions. Another preparation, ''pHiso-Scrub'', was a hexachlorophene-impregnated sponge for scrubbing, has since been discontinued. Several substitute products (including triclosan) were developed, but none had the germ-killing capability of hexachlorophene. Sanofi-Aventis was the sole manufacturer of ''pHisoHex'', while The Mentholatum Company owns the ''pHisoDerm'' brand today. Sanofi-Aventis discontinued production of several forms of ''pHisoHex'' in August 2009 and discontinued all production of ''pHisoHex'' in September 2013.〔http://www.ashp.org/menu/DrugShortages/DrugsNoLongerAvailable/Bulletin.aspx?id=1059.〕 The formula for Dial soap was changed to remove hexachlorophene after the FDA put an end to over-the-counter availability in 1972.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「hexachlorophene」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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