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Grindcore is an extreme genre of music that originated in the early to mid-1980s. It draws inspiration from some of the most abrasive-sounding music genres – including extreme metal (mainly thrash and death metal), hardcore punk, crust punk, industrial rock and noise rock. Grindcore is characterized by a noise-filled sound that uses heavily distorted, down-tuned guitars, grinding overdriven bass, high speed tempo, blast beats, and vocals which consist of growls and high-pitched shrieks. Early groups like Napalm Death are credited with laying the groundwork for the style. It is most prevalent today in North America and Europe, with popular contributors such as Brutal Truth and Nasum. Lyrical themes range from a primary focus on social and political concerns, to gory subject matter and black humor. A trait of grindcore is the "microsong". Several bands have produced songs that are only seconds in length.〔Metal: The Definitive Guide (Garry Sharpe-Young), US Death Metal and Grindcore〕 British band Napalm Death holds the Guinness World Record for shortest song ever recorded with the one-second "You Suffer" (1987). Many bands record simple phrases that may be rhythmically sprawled out across an instrumental lasting only a couple of bars in length. A variety of "microgenres" have subsequently emerged, often labeling bands according to traits that deviate from regular grindcore, including goregrind, focused on themes of gore, and pornogrind, fixated on pornographic lyrical themes. Other offshoots include noisegrind (especially raw and chaotic) and electrogrind (incorporating electronic elements such as sampling and programmed drums). Although an influential phenomenon on hardcore punk and other popular genres, grindcore itself remains an underground form of music. == Characteristics == Grindcore evolved as a blend of thrash metal and hardcore punk. The name derives from the fact that ''grind'' is a British term for ''thrash''; that term was appended to ''-core'' from ''hardcore''. Grindcore relies on standard hardcore punk and heavy metal instrumentation: electric guitar, bass and drums.〔 However, grindcore alters the usual practices of metal or rock music in regard to song structure and tone.〔 The vocal style is "ranging from high-pitched shrieks to low, throat-shredding growls and barks."〔 In some cases, no clear lyrics exist. Vocals may be used as merely an added sound effect, a common practice with bands such as the experimental Naked City. A characteristic of some grindcore songs is the "microsong," lasting only a few seconds. In 2001, the ''Guinness Book of World Records'' awarded Brutal Truth the record for "Shortest Music Video" for 1994's "Collateral Damage" (the song lasts four seconds). In 2007, the video for the Napalm Death song "You Suffer" set a new "Shortest Music Video" record: 1.3 seconds. Beyond the microsong, it is characteristic of grindcore to have short songs in general; for example, Carcass' debut album ''Reek of Putrefaction'' (1988) consists of 22 tracks with an average length of 1 minute and 48 seconds. It is also not uncommon for grindcore albums to be very short when compared to other genres, usually consisting of a large tracklist but having a total length of only 15 to 20 minutes. Many grindcore groups experiment with down-tuned guitars. While the vinyl A-side of Napalm Death's debut, 1987's ''Scum'', is set to standard tuning, on side B, the guitars are tuned down 2½ steps. Their second album ''From Enslavement to Obliteration'' and the ''Mentally Murdered'' EP were tuned to C♯. ''Harmony Corruption'', their third full-length album, was tuned up to a D. Bolt Thrower went further, dropping 3½ steps down (A).〔Johnson 2007, page 04.〕 Bass is tuned low as well, and is often distorted. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「grindcore」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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