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A grassroots movement (often referenced in the context of a political movement) as defined by Webster's Third International Dictionary, is one which uses the people in a given district as the basis for a political or economic movement. Grassroots movements and organizations utilize collective action from the local level to affect change at the local, regional, national, or international level. Grassroots movements are associated with bottom-up, rather than top-down decision making, and are sometimes considered more natural or spontaneous than more traditional power structures. Grassroots movements utilize a variety of strategies from fundraising and registering voters, to simply encouraging political conversation. Goals of specific movements vary, but the movements are consistent in their focus on increasing mass participation in politics.〔(【引用サイトリンク】first1=Sarah )〕 The idea of grassroots is often conflated with participatory democracy. The Port Huron Statement, a manifesto seeking a more democratic society, says that to create a more equitable society, "the grass roots of American Society" need to be the basis of civil rights and economic reform movements. 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Port Huron Statement )〕 The terms can be distinguished in that grassroots often refers to a specific movement or organization, whereas participatory democracy refers to the larger system of governance. 〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://cor.europa.eu/en/documentation/studies/Documents/direct-participatory-democracy.pdf )〕 == Movement in politics and activism == Grassroots movements use tactics that build power from local and community movements. Grassroots Campaigns, a non-profit organization dedicated to creating and supporting grassroots movements in America says that grassroots movements aim to raise money, build organizations, raise awareness, build name recognition, to win campaigns, and to deepen political participation. Grassroots movements work toward these and other goals via strategies focusing on local participation in either local or national politics.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://grassrootscampaigns.com/our-history/ )〕 Grassroots organizations derive their power from the people, thus their strategies seek to engage ordinary people in political discourse to the greatest extent possible. Below is a list of strategies considered to be grassroots because of their focus on engaging the populace. 〔(【引用サイトリンク】first1=Sarah )〕 * Hosting house meetings or parties * Having larger meetings—AGMs * Putting up posters * Talking with pedestrians on the street or walking door-to-door (often involving informational clipboards) * Gathering signatures for petitions * Mobilizing letter-writing, phone-calling, and emailing campaigns * Setting up information tables * Raising money from many small donors for political advertising or campaigns * Organizing large demonstrations * Asking individuals to submit opinions to media outlets and government officials * Holding get out the vote activities, which include the practices of reminding people to vote and transporting them to polling places. * Using online social networks to organize virtual communities 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「grassroots」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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