翻訳と辞書
Words near each other
・ "O" Is for Outlaw
・ "O"-Jung.Ban.Hap.
・ "Ode-to-Napoleon" hexachord
・ "Oh Yeah!" Live
・ "Our Contemporary" regional art exhibition (Leningrad, 1975)
・ "P" Is for Peril
・ "Pimpernel" Smith
・ "Polish death camp" controversy
・ "Pro knigi" ("About books")
・ "Prosopa" Greek Television Awards
・ "Pussy Cats" Starring the Walkmen
・ "Q" Is for Quarry
・ "R" Is for Ricochet
・ "R" The King (2016 film)
・ "Rags" Ragland
・ ! (album)
・ ! (disambiguation)
・ !!
・ !!!
・ !!! (album)
・ !!Destroy-Oh-Boy!!
・ !Action Pact!
・ !Arriba! La Pachanga
・ !Hero
・ !Hero (album)
・ !Kung language
・ !Oka Tokat
・ !PAUS3
・ !T.O.O.H.!
・ !Women Art Revolution


Dictionary Lists
翻訳と辞書 辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ]
スポンサード リンク

espresso : ウィキペディア英語版
espresso

Espresso (, ) is coffee brewed by forcing a small amount of nearly boiling water under pressure through finely ground coffee beans. Espresso is generally thicker than coffee brewed by other methods, has a higher concentration of suspended and dissolved solids, and has ''crema'' on top (a foam with a creamy consistency).〔Illy, "Il caffè e i cinque sensi" (): "La tazzina di porcellana bianca incornicia la ''çrema'': una trama sottile nei toni del nocciola, percorsa da leggere striature rossastre"〕 As a result of the pressurized brewing process, the flavors and chemicals in a typical cup of espresso are very concentrated. Espresso is also the base for other drinks such as a caffè latte, cappuccino, caffè macchiato, cafe mocha, or caffè Americano. Espresso has more caffeine per unit volume than most coffee beverages, but because the usual serving size is much smaller, the total caffeine content is less than a mug of standard brewed coffee, contrary to a common belief. Although the actual caffeine content of any coffee drink varies by size, bean origin, roast method and other factors, the caffeine content of "typical" servings of espresso vs. drip brew are 120 to 170 mg〔(USDA nutrient database )〕 vs. 150 to 200 mg.〔(How much caffeine is in your daily habit? – MayoClinic.com )〕〔(USDA nutrient database )〕
== Brewing process ==
Espresso is made by forcing very hot water under high pressure through finely ground, compacted coffee. Tamping down the coffee promotes the water's even penetration of the grounds.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Espresso Tamping )〕 This process produces an almost syrupy beverage by extracting both solid and dissolved components. The ''crema'' 〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.seattlecoffeegear.com/learn/coffee-101/articles/what-is-crema )〕 〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.chemistryviews.org/details/ezine/6372721/Espresso_Crema.html )〕 is produced by emulsifying the oils in the ground coffee into a colloid, which does not occur in other brewing methods. There is no universal standard defining the process of extracting espresso,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.home-barista.com/espresso-guide-todays-scene.html )〕 but there are several published definitions which attempt to place constraints on the amount and type of ground coffee used, the temperature and pressure of the water, and the rate of extraction.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.coffeeresearch.org/espresso/definitions.htm )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.espressoitaliano.org/doc/EIC%20-%20Eng%20-%20LQ.pdf )〕 Generally, one uses an espresso machine to make espresso. The act of producing a shot of espresso is often termed "pulling" a shot, originating from lever espresso machines, which require pulling down a handle attached to a spring-loaded piston, forcing hot water through the coffee at high pressure. Today, however, it is more common for the pressure to be generated by an electric pump.
The technical parameters outlined by the Italian Espresso National Institute for making
a "certified Italian espresso" are:〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url = http://www.espressoitaliano.org/files/File/istituzionale_inei_hq_en.pdf )
== Espresso roast ==

Espresso is both a coffee beverage and a brewing method. It is not a specific bean, bean blend, or roast level. Any bean or roasting level can be used to produce authentic espresso. For example, in southern Italy, a darker roast is generally preferred. Farther north, the trend moves toward slightly lighter roasts, while outside Italy, a wide range is popular.〔The Book of Coffee, Francesco Illy, Ricardo Illy, 1992〕

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
ウィキペディアで「espresso」の詳細全文を読む



スポンサード リンク
翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース

Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.