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doxylamine
Doxylamine is a first-generation antihistamine, first reported in 1949. It can be used by itself as a short-term sedative and in combination with other drugs to provide night-time allergy and cold relief. Doxylamine is also used in combination with the analgesics paracetamol (acetaminophen) and codeine as an analgesic/calmative preparation, e.g., can be taken in combination with pregabalin too, and is prescribed in combination with vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) to prevent morning sickness in pregnant women. Its foetal safety is “A” in ''Briggs’ Reference Guide to Foetal and Neonatal Risk''.
== Indications ==
Doxylamine is a member of the ethanolamine class of antihistamines and has anti-allergy power superior to almost every other antihistamine on the market, with the exception of diphenhydramine (Benadryl); it is also the most effective over-the-counter sedative available in the United States and is more sedating than some prescription hypnotics.〔 One study found that doxylamine succinate was more effective than the barbiturate phenobarbital for use as a sedative.〔(Doxylamine ). drugbank.ca〕 The dosage required to induce sleep can be as low as 6.25 mg, but is usually effective in dosages of up to 25 mg. Higher doses are not recommended by the United States Food and Drug Administration, although single dosage recommendations of up to 50 mg are common in some countries, including Australia (where it is marketed under the names Restavit and Dozile), Russia (Valocordin-Doxylamine) and India (Vomentin).
A recent placebo-controlled, double-blind randomized trial found the formulation of doxylamine and pyridoxine marketed as Diclegis to be effective in controlling nausea and vomiting due to pregnancy.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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