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crunk
Crunk Is a genre of hip hop music that originated by Three 6 Mafia in Memphis, Tennessee in the early 1990s and gained mainstream success around 2003–04. Performers of crunk music are sometimes referred to as "crunksters". Crunk is often up-tempo and one of Southern hip hop's more club-oriented subgenres. An archetypal crunk track most frequently uses a drum machine rhythm, heavy bassline, and shouting vocals, often in a call and response manner.〔 The term "crunk" is also used as a blanket term to denote any style of Southern hip hop, a side effect of the genre's breakthrough to the mainstream.〔 The word derives from a slang past-tense form, "crunk", of the verb "to crank" (as in the phrase "crank up"), but has also been popularly assumed to mean "crazy drunk", after association with Crunk Juice, a brand of strong alcoholic beverage associated with the music genre. The term also means getting hyped or excited.
==Etymology==
The term has been attributed mainly to African-American slang, in which it holds various meanings.〔Oxford English Dictionary〕 It most commonly refers to the verb phrase "to crank up". It is theorized that the use of the term came from a past-tense form of "crank", which was sometimes conjugated as "crunk" in the South, such that if a person, event or party was hyped-up, i.e. energetic – "cranked" or "cranked up" – it was said to be "crunk".〔
In publications, "crunk" can be traced back to 1972 in the Dr. Seuss book ''Marvin K. Mooney Will You Please Go Now!''. He uses the term "Crunk-Car" without any given definition. The term has also been traced to usage in the 1980s coming out of Atlanta, Georgia nightclubs and meaning being "full of energy" or "hyped". In the mid-1990s, crunk was variously defined either as "hype", "phat", or "pumped up". ''Rolling Stone'' magazine published "glossary of Dirty South slang", where ''to crunk'' was defined as "to get excited".〔〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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