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civet
A civet is a small, lithe-bodied, mostly nocturnal mammal native to tropical Asia and Africa, especially the tropical forests. The term civet applies to over a dozen different mammal species. Most of the species diversity is found in southeast Asia. The best-known civet species is the African civet, ''Civettictis civetta'', which historically has been the main species from which was obtained a musky scent used in perfumery. The word ''civet'' may also refer to the distinctive musky scent produced by the animals.
A minority of writers use the name civet to cover ''Civettictis'', ''Viverra'' and ''Viverricula'' civets.〔Gaubert, P., Cordeiro-Estrela, P. (2006). (''Phylogenetic systematics and tempo of evolution of the Viverrinae (Mammalia, Carnivora, Viverridae) within feliformians: Implications for faunal exchanges between Asia and Africa'' ) . Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 41: 266–278.〕 But in more common usage in English the name also covers ''Chrotogale, Cynogale, Diplogale, Hemigalus, Arctogalidia, Macrogalidia, Paguma,'' and ''Paradoxurus'' civets.
==Taxonomy==
The common name is used for a variety of carnivorous mammalian species, mostly of the family Viverridae. The African palm civet (''Nandinia binotata'') is genetically distinct and belongs in its own monotypic family, Nandiniidae.
Civets are also called "toddycats" in English and "musang" in Malay. The latter may lead to some confusion as the indigenous word "musang" has been appropriated to foxes, which exist in popular culture but are not native and generally never encountered in that geographical region.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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