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The cavaquinho (pronounced (:kɐvɐˈkiɲu) in Portuguese, (:kavaˈkiɲu) in Brazilian Portuguese) is a small string instrument of the European guitar family with four wire or gut strings. A cavaquinho player is called a ''cavaquista''. The most common tuning is D-G-B-D (from lower to higher pitches); other tunings include D-A-B-E (Portuguese ancient tuning, made popular by Júlio Pereira) and G-G-B-D and A-A-C#-E. Guitarists often use D-G-B-E tuning to emulate the highest four strings of the guitar.〔(The Stringed Instrument Database )〕 The G-C-E-A tuning is sometimes used to emulate the soprano/tenor ukulele,〔()〕 an instrument developed from the braguinha and rajão, brought to Hawaii by Portuguese immigrants, from Madeira Island, in the late 19th century.〔(History ) at BCukelele.org〕 ==Origins== The origins of this Portuguese instrument are not easily found. Gonçalo Sampaio, who explains the survival of Minho region’s archaic and Hellenistic modes by possible Greek influences on the ancient Gallaeci of the region, stresses the link between this instrument and historical Hellenistic tetrachords. The author holds that the cavaquinho and the guitar may have been brought to Braga by the Biscayans. There are different kinds of cavaquinho. The minhoto cavaquinho, associated with the Minho region in Portugal, has the neck on the same level as the body, and the sound hole is usually in the ''raia'' format (''raia'' is Portuguese for batoidea); it is more akin to the ''viola braguesa''. The Brazilian cavaquinho, associated with Brazil, like the cavaquinhos associated with Lisbon and Madeira, differs from the minhoto in that its neck is elevated in relation to the body, and the sound hole is traditionally round; thus it is more akin to the classical guitar. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「cavaquinho」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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