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carabiner
A carabiner () or karabiner is a metal loop with a spring-loaded gate〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Climbing Dictionary & Glossary )〕 used to quickly and reversibly connect components, most notably in safety-critical systems. The word is a shortened form of ''Karabinerhaken'', a German phrase for a "spring hook"〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Online Etymology Dictionary )〕 used by a carbine rifleman, or carabinier, to attach items to a belt or bandolier.
==History==
Otto Herzog in 1911 was the first climber to have used the carabiner device based on the "pear" used by the firemen of Munich. Use of the climbing carabiner was actually a logical consequence of the use of piton invented by Hans Fiechtl and tested by Hans Dülfer, although climbers as prestigious as Paul Preuss or Eugen Guido Lammer were opposed to any artificial process. Still, Dülfer, Fiechtl and Herzog commonly employed carabiners on the eve of World War I and from 1921 a model with a unit weight of 130 grams for climbers was made in Munich. The carabiner has been improved several times over the decades, making it more lightweight, reliable and durable.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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