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Basileus ((ギリシア語:βασιλεύς)) is a Greek term and title that has signified various types of monarchs in history. In the English-speaking world it is perhaps most widely understood to mean "King" or "Emperor". The best known use of the title is by the Byzantine emperors, but the title also has a longer history of use by sovereigns and other persons of authority in ancient Greece, as well as for the kings of modern Greece. The feminine forms are ''Basilissa'' (Βασίλισσα), ''Basileia'' (Βασίλεια), ''Basilis'' (Βασιλίς), or the archaic ''Basilinna'' (Βασιλίννα), meaning "Queen" or "Empress". ==Etymology== The etymology of ''basileus'' is unclear. The Mycenaean form was *''gʷasileus'' (Linear B: , ''qa-si-re-u''), denoting some sort of court official or local chieftain, but not an actual king. Its hypothetical earlier Proto-Greek form would be *''gʷatileus''.〔Andrew Sihler (2008), ''New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin'', p. 330.〕 Most linguists assume that it is a non-Greek word that was adopted by Bronze Age Greeks from a pre-existing linguistic Pre-Greek substrate of the Eastern Mediterranean.〔R. S. P. Beekes, ''Etymological Dictionary of Greek'', Brill, 2009, p. 203.〕 Schindler (1976) argues for an inner-Greek innovation of the ''-eus'' inflection type from Indo-European material rather than a Mediterranean loan. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「basileus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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