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bappir
Bappir was a Sumerian twice-baked barley bread that was primarily used in ancient Mesopotamian beer brewing. Historical research done at Anchor Brewing Co. in 1989 (documented in Charlie Papazian's ''Home Brewer's Companion'' (ISBN 0-380-77287-6)) reconstructed a bread made from malted barley and barley flour with honey and water and baked until hard enough to store for long periods of time; the finished product was probably crumbled and mixed with water, malt and either dates or honey and allowed to ferment, producing a somewhat sweet brew. It seems to have been drunk with a straw in the manner that yerba mate is drunk now.
It is thought that bappir was seldom baked with the intent of being eaten; its storage qualities made it a good candidate for an emergency ration in times of scarcity, but its primary use seems to have been beer-making.
==See also==
*Ninkasi, the Sumerian goddess of beer
*Biscotti, a similarly twice-baked modern bread that is often eaten as a sweet course with wine or coffee
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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