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balsam : ウィキペディア英語版
balsam

Balsam (also: turpentine) is the resinous exudate (or sap), which forms on certain kinds of trees and shrubs. Balsam (from Hebrew ''bosem'' בֹּשֶׂם, "spice", "perfume") owes its name to the biblical Balm of Gilead.
== Chemistry ==
Balsam is a solution of plant-specific resins in plant-specific solvents (essential oils). Such resins can include resin acids, esters, or alcohols. The exudate is a mobile to highly viscous liquid and often contains crystallized resin particles. Over time and as a result of other influences the exudate loses its liquidizing components or gets chemically converted into a solid material (i.e. by autoxidation).

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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