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anaphylaxis
Anaphylaxis is a serious allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and may cause death. It typically causes a number of symptoms including an itchy rash, throat swelling, and low blood pressure. Common causes include insect bites and stings, foods, and medications.
On a mechanistic level, anaphylaxis is caused by the release of mediators from certain types of white blood cells triggered by either immunologic or non-immunologic mechanisms. Clinicians diagnose the condition on the basis of the presenting symptoms and signs. The primary treatment is injection of epinephrine, the administration of intravenous fluids, and positioning the person flat, with other measures being complementary.
Worldwide, 0.05–2% of the population is estimated to experience anaphylaxis at some point in life, and rates appear to be increasing. The term comes from the , and the .
==Signs and symptoms==
Anaphylaxis typically presents many different symptoms over minutes or hours〔 with an average onset of 5 to 30 minutes if exposure is intravenous and 2 hours if from eating food.〔 The most common areas affected include: skin (80–90%), respiratory (70%), gastrointestinal (30–45%), heart and vasculature (10–45%), and central nervous system (10–15%)〔 with usually two or more being involved.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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