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Anaphase (from the Greek ἀνά, "up" and φάσις, "stage"), is the stage of mitosis when chromosomes are split and the sister chromatids move to opposite poles of the cell. Anaphase accounts for approximately 1% of the cell cycle's duration. It begins with the regulated triggering of the metaphase-to-anaphase transition. Metaphase ends with the destruction of B cyclin. B cyclin is marked with ubiquitin which flags it for destruction by proteasomes, which is required for the function of metaphase cyclin-dependent kinases (M-Cdks). Anaphase starts when the anaphase promoting complex marks an inhibitory chaperone called securin with ubiquitin for destruction. Securin is a protein which inhibits a protease known as separase. The destruction of securin unleashes separase which then breaks down cohesin, a protein responsible for holding sister chromatids together.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/C/CellCycle.html )〕 The centromeres are split, and the new daughter chromosomes are pulled toward the poles. They take on a V-shape or Y-shape as they are pulled back. While the chromosomes are drawn to each side of the cell, the non-kinetochore spindle fibers push against each other, in a ratcheting action, that stretches the cell into an oval. Once anaphase is complete, the cell moves into telophase. ==See also== * Anaphase I * Anaphase II * Cdc20 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「anaphase」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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