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amethyst
Amethyst is a violet variety of quartz often used in jewelry. The name comes from the Ancient Greek ''ἀ'' ''a-'' ("not") and ''μέθυστος'' ''méthystos'' ("intoxicated"), a reference to the belief that the stone protected its owner from drunkenness. The ancient Greeks wore amethyst and made drinking vessels decorated with it in the belief that it would prevent intoxication. It is one of several forms of quartz. Amethyst is a semiprecious stone and is the traditional birthstone for February.
==Structure==
Amethyst is a purple variety of quartz (SiO2) and owes its violet color to irradiation, iron impurities (in some cases in conjunction with transition element impurities), and the presence of trace elements, which result in complex crystal lattice substitutions.〔Norman N. Greenwood and Alan Earnshaw (1997). ''Chemistry of the Elements'' (2nd ed.). Butterworth–Heinemann. ISBN 0080379419.〕〔Michael O'Donoghue (2006), ''Gems'', Butterworth-Heinemann, 6th ed. ISBN 978-0-7506-5856-0〕 The hardness of the mineral is the same as quartz, thus it is suitable for use in jewelry.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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