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Zulfiqar ((アラビア語:ذو الفقار) ''Ḏū-l-Faqār'' or ''Ḏū-l-Fiqār'') is the name of the legendary sword of Ali ibn Abi Talib which is said to have been given to him by Muhammad. Muhammad gave this sword to his cousin Ali in the Battle of Uhud. It was a gift from Almighty Allah to Ali because for his chivalry in the Battle. It was historically frequently depicted as a scissor-like double bladed sword on Muslim flags, and it is commonly shown in Shi'ite depictions of Ali and in the form of jewelry functioning as talismans as a scimitar terminating in two points. Middle Eastern weapons are commonly inscribed with a quote mentioning Zulfiqar, and Middle Eastern swords are at times made with a split tip in reference to the weapon. ==Name== The name is also variously transliterated as ''Dhulfiqar, Zulfiquar, Zulfikar, Thulfeqar, Zoulfikar, Zulfeqhar'' etc. The meaning of the name is unclear. The word ''ḏu'' means "lord, master", and the idafa construction "master of..." is common in Arabic phraseology (e.g. in ''Dhu-l-Qarnayn'', ''Dhu-l-Kifl'', ''Dhu-l-Hijjah'' etc.). The meaning of , on the other hand, is unclear. It may be vocalized as either ''fiqār'' or ''faqār''; Lane cites authorities preferring ''faqār'' and rejecting ''fiqār'' as "vulgar", but the vocalization ''fiqār'' still sees the more widespread use. The word ''faqār'' has the meaning of "the vertebrae of the back, the bones of the spine, which are set in regular order, one upon another", but may also refer to other instances of regularly spaced rows, specifically it is a name of the stars of the belt of Orion. Interpretations of the sword's name as found in Islamic theological writings or popular piety fall into four categories:〔Christoph Heger in: Markus Groß and Karl-Heinz Ohlig (eds.), ''Schlaglichter: Die beiden ersten islamischen Jahrhunderte'', 2008, (pp. 278–290 ).〕 *reference to the literal vertebrae of the spine, yielding an interpretation in the sense of "the severer of the vertebrae; the spine-splitter" *reference to the stars of the belt of Orion, emphasizing the celestial provenance of the sword *interpretation of ''faqār'' as an unfamiliar plural of ''fuqrah'' "notch, groove, indentation", interpreted as a reference to a kind of decoration of regularly spaced notches or dents on the sword *reference to a "notch" formed by the sword's supposed termination in two points The latter interpretation gives rise to the popular depiction of the sword as a double-pointed scimitar in modern Shia iconography. Heger (2008) considers two additional possibilities, *the name in origin referred simply to a double-edged sword (i.e. an actual sword rather than a sabre or scimitar), the μάχαιρα δίστομη of the New Testament *''fiqār'' is a corruption of ''firāq'' "distinction, division", and the name originally referred to the metaphorical sword discerning between right and wrong. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Zulfiqar」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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