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''Ynglingatal'' is a skaldic poem listing the kings of the House of Ynglings, dated by most scholars to the late 9th century. The original version is attributed to Þjóðólfr af Hvini who was the skald of a Norwegian petty king named Ragnvald the Mountain-High, described in later sagas as cousin of Harald Fairhair. It describes the lives of a long line of legendary and semi-legendary Swedish kings, the Yngling dynasty, as well as the foundation of the Norwegian petty kingdom of Vestfold by an Ingling scion and its expansion through conquest and marriage alliance over the succeeding six generations, ending with Ragnvald. ''Ynglingatal'' survives in three versions of which the best known is the ''Ynglinga saga'' in Snorri Sturluson's ''Heimskringla'', written ca. 1230. Of the two other versions, one is found in ''Historia Norwegiae'', a translation into Latin which contains essentially the same information, recorded in the late 12th or the early 13th century, and as the other in ''Íslendingabók'', consisting just of a listing of the names, recorded in the early 12th century. The historicity of the matter Yngling dynasty has been a contention among scholars since the 19th century. Krag (1991) also questioned the dating of the poem, suggesting that it may have originally been composed only in the early 12th century. ==The late origin hypothesis== The authenticity of this poem has been questioned by Krag (1991), who believed it to be a 12th-century propaganda work fabricated to enhance the legitimacy of the Norwegian kings. Krag claimed that it was based on the teaching of the four elements by Empedocles, in that the first four kings' deaths (Fjölnir, Sveigðir, Vanlandi and Vísburr) are associated with such elements. According to Krag this suggests that ''Ynglingatal'' is not from the 9th century, but a much later work. He also pointed out that there is an euhemeristic approach in the early parts. Krag's thesis had a certain success among Scandinavian scholars, during the 1990s, and it became the point of view presented in ''Nationalencyklopedin'' when the articles were written in the early 90s. However, since then, many critics and other studies have shown serious problems and deficiencies with Krag's thesis. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ynglingatal」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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