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Xanthidae is a family of crabs known as mud crabs, pebble crabs or rubble crabs.〔 Xanthid crabs are often brightly coloured and are poisonous, containing toxins which are not destroyed by cooking and for which no antidote is known. The toxins are similar to the tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin produced by puffer fish, and may be produced by bacteria in the genus ''Vibrio'' living in symbiosis with the crabs, mostly ''V. alginolyticus'' and ''V. parahaemolyticus''.〔 ==Classification== Many species formerly included in the family Xanthidae have since been moved to new families. Despite this, Xanthidae is still the largest crab family in terms of species richness, with 572 species in 133 genera divided among the thirteen subfamilies: *Actaeinae Alcock, 1898 * *''Actaea'' De Haan, 1833 * *''Actaeodes'' Dana, 1851 * *''Actaeops'' † Portell & Collins, 2004 * *''Allactaea'' Williams, 1974 * *''Epiactaea'' Serène, 1984 * *''Epiactaeodes'' Serène, 1984 * *''Forestia'' Guinot, 1976 * *''Gaillardiellus'' Guinot, 1976 * *''Heteractaea'' Lockington, 1877 * *''Lobiactaea'' T. Sakai, 1983 * *''Meractaea'' Serène, 1984 * *''Novactaea'' Guinot, 1976 * *''Odhneria'' T. Sakai, 1983 * *''Paractaea'' Guinot, 1969 * *''Paractaeopsis'' Serène, 1984 * *''Phlyctenodes'' † A. Milne-Edwards, 1862 * *''Platyactaea'' Guinot, 1967 * *''Psaumis'' Kossmann, 1877 * *''Pseudactaea'' Serène, 1962 * *''Pseudoliomera'' Odhner, 1925 * *''Pseudophlyctenodes'' † Busulini, Tessier & Beschin, 2006 * *''Rata'' Davie, 1993 * *''Serenius'' Guinot, 1976 *Antrocarcininae Ng & D. G. B. Chia, 1994 * *''Antrocarcinus'' Ng & D. G. B. Chia, 1994 * *''Cyrtocarcinus'' Ng & D. G. B. Chia, 1994 * *''Glyptocarcinus'' Takeda, 1973 *Chlorodiellinae Ng & Holthuis, 2007 * *''Chlorodiella'' Rathbun, 1897 * *''Cyclodius'' Dana, 1851 * *''Garthiella'' Titgen, 1986 * *''Liocarpiloides'' Klunzinger, 1913 * *''Pilodius'' Dana, 1851 * *''Sulcodius'' P. F. Clark & Ng, 1999 * *''Tweedieia'' Ward, 1935 * *''Vellodius'' Ng & Yang, 1998 *Cymoinae Alcock, 1898 * *''Cymo'' De Haan, 1833 *Etisinae Ortmann, 1893 * *''Etisus'' H. Milne-Edwards, 1834 * *''Paraetisus'' Ward, 1933 *Euxanthinae Alcock, 1898 * *''Alainodaeus'' Davie, 1993 * *''Batodaeus'' Vázquez-Bader & Gracia, 2004 * *''Carpoporus'' Stimpson, 1871 * *''Cranaothus'' Ng, 1993 * *''Crosnierius'' Serène & Vadon, 1981 * *''Danielea'' Ng & P. F. Clark, 2003 * *''Edwardsium'' Guinot, 1967 * *''Epistocavea'' Davie, 1993 * *''Euxanthus'' Dana, 1851 * *''Guinotellus'' Serène, 1971 * *''Hepatoporus'' Serène, 1984 * *''Hypocolpus'' Rathbun, 1897 * *''Ladomedaeus'' Števčić, 2005 * *''Lipaesthesius'' Rathbun, 1898 * *''Medaeops'' Guinot, 1967 * *''Medaeus'' Dana, 1851 * *''Miersiella'' Guinot, 1967 * *''Monodaeus'' Guinot, 1967 * *''Olenothus'' Ng, 2002 * *''Palatigum'' Davie, 1997 * *''Paramedaeus'' Guinot, 1967 * *''Pleurocolpus'' Crosnier, 1995 * *''Pseudomedaeus'' Guinot, 1968 * *''Rizalthus'' Mendoza & Ng, 2008 * *''Visayax'' Mendoza & Ng, 2008 *Glyptoxanthinae Mendoza & Guinot, 2011 * *''Glyptoxanthus'' A. Milne-Edwards, 1879 *Kraussiinae Ng, 1993 * *''Garthasia'' Ng, 1993 * *''Kraussia'' Dana, 1852 * *''Palapedia'' Ng, 1993 *Liomerinae T. Sakai, 1976 * *''Actiomera'' Ng, Guinot & Davie, 2008 * *''Bruciana'' Serène, 1977 * *''Liomera'' Dana, 1851 * *''Meriola'' Davie, 1993 * *''Neoliomera'' Odhner, 1925 * *''Neomeria'' † C.-H. Hu & Tao, 1996 * *''Paraliomera'' Rathbun, 1930 *Polydectinae Dana, 1851 * *''Lybia'' H. Milne-Edwards, 1834 * *''Polydectus'' H. Milne-Edwards, 1837 *Speocarcininae Števčić, 2005 * *''Speocarcinus'' Stimpson, 1859 *Xanthinae MacLeay, 1838 * *''Cataleptodius'' Guinot, 1968 * *''Coralliope'' Guinot, 1967 * *''Cycloxanthops'' Rathbun, 1897 * *''Demania'' Laurie, 1906 * *''Ectaesthesius'' Rathbun, 1898 * *''Epixanthops'' Serène, 1984 * *''Eucratodes'' A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 * *''Euryxanthops'' Garth & Kim, 1983 * *''Garthiope'' Guinot, 1990 * *''Gaudichaudia'' Rathbun, 1930 * *''Gonopanope'' Guinot, 1967 * *''Guitonia'' Garth & Iliffe, 1992 * *''Jacforus'' Ng & P. F. Clark, 2003 * *''Juxtaxanthias'' Ward, 1942 * *''Lachnopodus'' Stimpson, 1858 * *''Leptodius'' A. Milne-Edwards, 1863 * *''Liagore'' De Haan, 1833 * *''Linnaeoxanthus'' Števčić, 2005 * *''Lioxanthodes'' Calman, 1909 * *''Macromedaeus'' Ward, 1942 * *''Marratha'' Ng & P. F. Clark, 2003 * *''Megametope'' Filhol, 1886 * *''Megamia'' † Karasawa, 1993 * *''Melybia'' Stimpson, 1871 * *''Metaxanthops'' Serène, 1984 * *''Metopoxantho'' † De Man, 1904 * *''Microcassiope'' Guinot, 1967 * *''Micropanope'' Stimpson, 1871 * *''Nanocassiope'' Guinot, 1967 * *''Nectopanope'' Wood-Mason & Alcock, 1891 * *''Neolioxantho'' Garth & Kim, 1983 * *''Neoxanthias'' Ward, 1932 * *''Neoxanthops'' Guinot, 1968 * *''Orphnoxanthus'' Alcock, 1896 * *''Ovatis'' Ng & H.-I. Chen, 2004 * *''Palaeoxanthops'' † Karasawa, 1993 * *''Paraxanthias'' Odhner, 1925 * *''Paraxanthodes'' Guinot, 1968 * *''Paraxanthus'' Lucas, 1844 * *''Xanthias'' Rathbun, 1897 * *''Xantho'' Leach, 1814 * *''Xanthodius'' Stimpson, 1859 *Zalasiinae Serène, 1968 * *''Banareia'' A. Milne-Edwards, 1869 * *''Calvactaea'' Ward, 1933 * *''Zalasius'' Rathbun, 1897 *Zosiminae Alcock, 1898 * *''Atergatis'' De Haan, 1833 * *''Atergatopsis'' A. Milne-Edwards, 1862 * *''Lophozozymus'' A. Milne-Edwards, 1863 * *''Paratergatis'' T. Sakai, 1965 * *''Platypodia'' Bell, 1835 * *''Platypodiella'' Guinot, 1967 * *''Pulcratis'' Ng & Huang, 1977 * *''Zosimus'' Leach, 1818 * *''Zozymodes'' Heller, 1861 *''Incertae sedis'' * *''Haydnella'' † Müller, 1984 * *''Nogarolia'' † Beschin, Busulini, De Angeli & Tessier, 1994 * *''Sculptoplax'' † Müller & Collins, 1991 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Xanthidae」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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