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Upingtonia, or the Republic of Upingtonia, was a short-lived Boer republic in the area of present-day Namibia. Declared on 20 October 1885, in 1886 it changed its name to Lijdensrust. In 1887 it was merged into German South-West Africa. ==History== Between the years 1874 and 1880, farmers migrated from the Transvaal to what was then southern Angola. There, they came into conflict with the Portuguese colonial authorities, and some of their number decided to return to the Transvaal, while others migrated further south.〔Chris Marais, Julienne Du Toit, ''A Drink of Dry Land '' (2006), p. 174〕 In 1885, William Worthington Jordan bought a tract (fifty thousand square kilometers) of land from the Ovambo chief Kambonde for three hundred pounds, paid as twenty-five firearms, one salted horse, and a cask of brandy.〔Ute Dieckmann, ''Haillom in the Etosha Region: A History of Colonial Settlement, Ethnicity and Nature Conservation. (Basler Afrika Bibliographien, 2007), p. 48〕 This land stretched almost from Okaukuejo in the west to Fischer's Pan in the east.〔G. P. J. Trümpelmann, ''Die Boer in Suid-wes Afrika'' (1948)〕 Chief Kambonde relied on the help of Jordan to defeat his rival for power, Nehale. Between 1876 and 1879, at the time of the Dorsland Trek, Boers had crossed the area, heading for Angola. In 1885 some of these trekkers returned and settled at Grootfontein on land given to them free of charge by Jordan. The Republic of Upingtonia was declared on 20 October 1885.〔 At that time, the population of Upingtonia was around five hundred settlers. The state was named after Thomas Upington, prime minister of the Cape Colony, from whom the new state was hoping for support. However, little was forthcoming.〔Robbie John MacVicar Aitken, ''Exclusion and Inclusion: Gradations of Whiteness and Socio-Economic Engineering in German Southwest Africa, 1884-1914'' (2007), p. 191〕 Under the influence of the Boers returning to the Transvaal from southern Angola, the name changed from Lydensrust or Lijdensrust or Lydensrust (1886) Upingtonia's capital was Grootfontein, and its head of state was President George Diederik P. Prinsloo. The new state fought the Herero and became dependent on German protection. In 1886 Jordan was killed by Nehale Mpingana and the republic collapsed. The next year the area it covered was incorporated into South-West Africa.〔Victor L. Tonchi, William A. Lindeke, John J. Grotpeter, ''Historical Dictionary of Namibia'' (2012), p. 445〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Upingtonia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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