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Ungannians 〔(Ungannians in The Chronicle of Henry of Livonia ) ISBN 0-231-12889-4〕 or Ugandians 〔(Ugandians Historical Dictionary of Estonia ) ISBN 0-8108-4904-6〕 ((エストニア語:ugalased)) 〔() the use of ''ugalased'' in modern sources〕 ((ラトビア語:ugauņi)), referred to as Chudes by the earliest Russian chronicles 〔(Pre- and Proto-historic Finns by John Abercromby p.141 )〕 were historical Finnic people inhabiting the ancient southern Estonian Ugandi County (Latin):Ungannia) 〔(Ungannia in The Chronicle of Henry of Livonia ) ISBN 0-231-12889-4〕 (also Ugania, Ugaunia) that is now Tartu, Põlva, Võru and Valga counties of Estonia. ==The name and the territory== In modern Estonian literature, the province of Ugaunia is called ''Ugandi'' or ''Ugala''. The name ''Ugandi'' is derived by associating Ugaunia with the name of ''Uandimägi'' Hill near Otepää. According to a more far-fetched theory, the name Ugaunia could have been derived from the Slavic language word Ug, meaning South (cf. Yugoslavia). In Latvian, the country of Estonia is still called ''Igaunija'' after Ugaunians, their ancient warlike neighbors. The power center of Ugaunians is believed to have been in the fortified stronghold of Odenpeh (South Estonian for "bear's head"; (ラテン語:Caput Ursi), (ロシア語:Medvezh'ya Golova)) in present-day Linnamägi Hill in the town of Otepää). The hill was indeed shaped like a head of a bear. The bear was probably a holy animal for Ugaunians. Another important Ugaunian stronghold was Tharbata (''Tarbatu'') by the river Emajõgi (literally, "Mother River"). It was erected around 600 AD on the east side of Toome Hill (Toomemägi) in what is today Tartu. In Estonian folklore, Ugaunians (''ugalased'') are enemy warriors and robbers. For example, a folk song from Viljandi calls for speeding up the harvest work because Ugaunians might attack. ''"Ugalane"'' has also been used as a disparaging word for an unsophisticated country person. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ungannians」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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