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''Uncaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It has about 40 species.〔''Uncaria'' At: World Checklist of Rubiaceae At: Kew Gardens Website. (see ''External links'' below).〕 Their distribution is pantropical, with most species native to tropical Asia, three from Africa and the Mediterranean and two from the neotropics.〔David J. Mabberley. 2008. ''Mabberley's Plant-Book'' third edition (2008). Cambridge University Press: UK. ISBN 978-0-521-82071-4〕 They are known colloquially as gambier, cat's claw or uña de gato. The latter two names are shared with several other plants. The type species for the genus is ''Uncaria guianensis.〔''Uncaria'' In: Index Nominum Genericorum. In: Regnum Vegetabile (see ''External links'' below).〕 Indonesian Gambier (''U. gambir'') is a large tropical vine with leaves typical of the genus, being opposite and about long. The South American ''U. tomentosa'' is called Uña de Gato. ''Uncaria sinensis'' is common in China. ''Uncaria'' was named in 1789 by Johann von Schreber in his ''Genera Plantarum'' edition 8() (not to be confused with books of the same title by Linnaeus, Jussieu, and others).〔''Uncaria'' in International Plant Names Index. (see ''External links'' below).〕〔Johann Schreber. 1789. Gen. Pl., ed. 8(). (Genera Plantarum Eorumque Characteres Naturales Secundum Numerum, Figuram, Situm, & Proportionem Omnium Fructificationis Partium. (Ed. 8())). volume 1, page 125. Frankfurt am Main, Germany(see ''External links'' below).〕 The genus name is derived from the Latin word ''uncus'', meaning "a hook".〔Umberto Quattrocchi. 2000. ''CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names'' volume IV. CRC Press: Boca Raton; New York; Washington,DC;, USA. London, UK. ISBN 978-0-8493-2673-8 (set).〕 It refers to the hooks, formed from reduced branches, that ''Uncaria'' vines use to cling to other vegetation. ''Uncaria'' is a member of the tribe Nauclea, but its position within that tribe remains unresolved. ==Description== Woody lianas; climbing by hooks formed from reduced, modified branches. Stipules entire or bifid. Inflorescence a compact head, terminal, at the ends of plagiotropic branches and their very reduced branches. Corolla lobes without appendages. Seeds with a long wing at each end, the lower wing deeply bifid. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Uncaria」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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