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| image_caption = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = | pushpin_map = Ukraine | pushpin_label_position = right | pushpin_map_caption = Location of eradicated town of Trochinbrod (Zofiówka) within present-day Ukraine | pushpin_mapsize = 250px | latd=50 |latm=55 |lats=15 |latNS=N | longd=25 |longm=41 |longs=50 |longEW=E | coordinates_display = inline,title | coordinates_region = UA | area_total_km2 = 6.99 | named_for = Sofia of Württemberg | established_title = Founded | established_date = 1835, Russian Empire | extinct_title = Destroyed | extinct_date = 1942, occupied Poland | website = (A Lost History ) }} Trochenbrod or Trohinbrod, also Sofievka or Polish Zofiówka (pl) ((ロシア語:Софиевка) – ''Sofiyevka'', (ウクライナ語:''Трохимбрід'', Trokhymbrid)), was an exclusively Jewish shtetl (a small town) located before World War II in the Wołyń Voivodeship of the Second Polish Republic,〔 at an area of . It was situated about northeast of Łuck in present-day western Ukraine. After the joint invasion of Poland in September 1939 by the Soviet Union and the Third Reich, the town was annexed for two years into the Ukrainian SSR by Joseph Stalin. However, it was completely eradicated in the course of the Nazi German Operation Barbarossa (1941) and the ensuing Holocaust.〔 The nearest present-day villages are Yaromel (Яромель) and Klubochyn (Клубочин). The settlement inhabited entirely by Jews was named after Sofia (hence ''Sofievka'' or ''Zofiówka''), a Württemberg princess married to a future Tsar of Russia. She donated a parcel of land for the Jewish settlement in the Russian Partition following the destruction of the anti-Tsarist November Uprising against the Russian Empire.〔 ==History== Sofievka (Trochenbrod) was founded in 1835, initially as a farming colony for the dispossessed Jews, and with time developed into a small town. The population grew from around 1,200 inhabitants (235 families) in 1889, to 1,580 in 1897.〔 The name is Yiddish for "Dry Bread" or "Bread without Butter". Towards the end of World War One, during the Polish-Soviet War, the town was fought for by the forces of the re-emerging sovereign Poland and the Red Army. In the Peace of Riga it was legally ceded to Poland. It became part of the Wołyń Voivodeship in the Kresy region. By 1938 the exclusively Jewish population of the town's had grown to at least 3,000.〔 Most of the population were engaged in agriculture, dairy farming and tanning. There were seven synagogues in Trochenbrod. In 1939, the town, along with the rest of Kresy, was invaded by the Soviet Union (see Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact). The rabbi at this time was Rabbi Gershon Weissmann. The Communists exiled him to Siberia after accusing him of being involved in underground salt trading.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Trochenbrod」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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