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Trabucco
The trabucco ((:traˈbukko) or trabocco; in some southern dialects called travocc) 〔original meaning is ''trap'' or ''deep trap'', then the term was applied to high military wooden construction (''trebuchet'') and over several centuries, was used in the Middle Ages to besiege rivals fortresses. See: Ottavio Lurati,''Toponimi e Géologia'', in ''Semantic'', XXIX, Number 2, December 2008, 446.〕 is an old fishing machine typical of the coast of Abruzzi region (specially in the Trabocchi Coast or Costa dei Trabocchi) and also in the coast of Gargano, where it is protected as historical monuments by the homonym National Park. Spread along the coast of southern Adriatic especially in the Italian provinces of Chieti, Campobasso, and Foggia and also in some parts of the coast of southern Tyrrhenian Sea.
== Construction features ==
A trabucco is a massive construction built from wood, which consists of a platform anchored to the rock by large logs of pine of Aleppo, jutting out into the sea, from where two (or more) long arms called ''antemna'' stretch out suspended some feet above the water and supporting a huge, narrow-meshed, net (called ''trabocchetto'').
The morphology of the Gargano coast and of Abruzzo determined the presence of two different types of trabucco: the Garganic trabucco is usually anchored to a rocky platform, longitudinally extended to the coastline, from which the ''antenna'' depart.
The variant of Abruzzo and Molise, also called ''bilancia'', often insists on shallower coasts and therefore is characterized by the presence of a platform, transversal to the coast, which is connected by a tight bridge made of wooden boards. A ''bilancia'' has just one winch, often electrically operating, even when the sea is perfectly calm. Abruzzo ''bilancia'' has also a net much smaller than that of Gargano trabucco, another feature that differentiates the two types is the length and number of antennas, more extensive Gargano (also double that of Abruzzo and Molise) in Termoli balances were more than two antennas, Gargano always two or more.〔''I trabucchi del Gargano'', by Maria Teresa Rauzino, Rita Lombardi, Raffaella Specchiulla, Ignazio Polignone, 2007〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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