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''Toxophora'' is a genus of flies belonging to the family Bombyliidae (bee-flies). There are 47 described species, distributed throughout the world, although they are most abundant in Southwestern United States and western Mediterranean. (World catalog of bee flies ) (Diptera: Bombyliidae) They are strange, stout, robust flies with a hunchbacked form, with a body length of 6–12 mm and wings 4 to 7.5mm. Most species are black with banding or spots. Larvae feed in the nest of wasps of the genus ''Odynerus''.〔 Ectoparasitoids in nests of solitary bees & wasps (Research.net. Yeates, D ). The evolutionary pattern of host use in the Bombyliidae (Diptera): a diverse family of parasitoid flies ==Species== *''T. aegyptiaca'' Efflatoun, 1945 (Afrotropical: Sudan. Palaearctic: Egypt, Oman, Saudi Arabia.) *''T. albivittata'' Bowden, 1964 (Afrotropical: Ghana, Ivory Coast.) *''T. albonotata'' Loew in Alayo & Garcia Avila, 1983 *''T. americana'' Guérin-Méneville, 1835 (Nearctic:) *''T. amicula'' Séguy, 1930 (Neotropical: Argentina.) *''T. amphitea'' Walker, 1849 (USA (Texas)) *''T. fucata'' Osten Sacken, 1877 (Nearctic: Mexico (Guerrero, Sonora), USA (District of Columbia, Florida, Maryland, Missouri, Texas).) *''T. turkestanica'' var. angusta Paramonov, 1933 (Palaearctic: Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.) *''T. aurea'' Macquart, 1848 (Brazil (Paraná) ) *''T. aurifera'' Róndani, 1848 (Brazil or Uruguay) *''T. dryitis'' Séguy, 1930 (French Guiana) *''T. verona'' Curran, 1934 (Neotropical: Brazil (Acre, Paraná, Roraima), French Guiana, Guyana.) *''T. australis'' Hesse, 1938 (Afrotropical: Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa (Eastern Cape,Northern Cape, Western Cape).) *''T. bezzii'' Paramonov, 1933 (Palaearctic: Egypt, Israel.) *''T. carcelii'' Guérin-Méneville, 1830 (Afrotropical: Ghana, Ivory Coast, Senegal.) *''T. coeruleiventris'' Karsch, 1887 (Afrotropical: Botswana, Burundi, Kenya, Mozambique, Senegal, South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga, Northern Province), Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe.) *''T. compta'' Roberts, 1929 (Australasian/Oceanian: Australia (Queensland).) *''T. crocisops'' Hesse, 1938 (Afrotropical: Namibia, South Africa (Western Cape).) *''T. cupreus'' (Fabricius, 1787) (Nearctic: Mexico (Morelos, Nayarit). Neotropical: Brazil (Goiás, Mato Grosso, Pará), Colombia, French Guiana, Panama, Suriname.) *''T. deserta'' Paramonov, 1933 (Turkmenistan) *''T. tadzhikorum'' Paramonov, 1933 (Palaearctic: Iran, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.) *''T. diploptera'' Speiser, 1910 (Tanzania) *''T. cyanolepida'' Hesse, 1938 (Afrotropical: Botswana, Kenya, Namibia, South Africa (Eastern Cape, KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga, Northern Province, Western Cape), Tanzania, Zimbabwe.) *''T. emeljanovi'' Zaitzev, 1980 (Palaearctic: Mongolia.) *''T. epargyra'' Hermann, 1907 (Afrotropical: Sudan. Palaearctic: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Egypt, Gruzia, Syria, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.) *''T. epargyroides'' Hesse, 1938 (Afrotropical: ?Kenya, Namibia, Tanzania, Zimbabwe.) *''T. fasciculatus'' (Villers, 1789) (Afrotropical: Sudan. Palaearctic: Algeria, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Egypt, France (incl. Corsica), Germany, Greece (incl. Zakynthos), Gruzia, Hungary, Iran, Israel, Italy (incl. Sicily), Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Lebanon, Libya, Moldova, Morocco, Romania, Russia (SET), Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan.) *''T. fusca'' Gray in Griffiths & Pidgeon, 1832 (Patria Ignota.) *''T. fuscipennis'' (Macquart, 1840) (Palaearctic: Algeria, France.) *''T. gittinsi'' Tabet, 2001 (Nearctic: USA (Idaho).) *''T. iavana'' Wiedemann, 1821 (Oriental: China (Fujian), India (Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal), Hong Kong, Indonesia (Java, Nusa Tenggara), Laos, Malaysia (Peninsular), Philippines. Palaearctic: China.) *''T. lebedevi'' Paramonov, 1925 (Palaearctic: Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.) *''T. lepidocera'' (d’Andretta & Carrera, 1950) (Neotropical: Brazil (Pará, São Paulo).) *''T. leucon'' Séguy, 1930 (Neotropical: Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay.) *''T. leucopyga'' Wiedemann, 1828 (Nearctic: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, North Carolina).) *''T. leyladea'' Efflatoun, 1945 (Afrotropical: Sudan. Palaearctic: Egypt.) *''T. maculipennis'' Karsch, 1886 (Afrotropical: Angola, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Senegal.) *''T. maxima'' Coquillett, 1886 (Nearctic: Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur Tiburon I), USA (Arizona, California, Idaho, Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Oregon, Texas).) *''T. obliquisquamosa'' Hesse, 1938 (Afrotropical: Botswana, Namibia, South Africa (Eastern Cape, Western Cape).) *''T. pallida'' d’Andretta & Carrera, 1950 (Neotropical: Brazil (Ceará).) *''T. pellucida'' Coquillett, 1886 (Nearctic: Canada (Alberta), Mexico (Baja California Sur), USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Oregon, Texas, Washington).) *''T. psammophila'' Paramonov, 1933 (Palaearctic: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Gruzia, Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.punctipennis) *''T. punctipennis'' Bezzi, 1921 (Afrotropical: Namibia, South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal), Zimbabwe.) *''T. quadricellulata'' Hesse, 1963 (Afrotropical: Namibia, South Africa (Northern Cape, Western Cape).) *''T. seyrigi'' Séguy, 1934 (Palaearctic: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Cyprus, Gruzia.) *''T. travassosi'' (d’Andretta & Carrera, 1950) (Neotropical: Brazil (São Paulo).) *''T. tristis'' (Séguy, 1930) (Neotropical: Cuba.) *''T. trivittata'' Bezzi, 1908 (Afrotropical: Congo, Guinea-Bissau, Nigeria.) *''T. turkestanica'' Paramonov, 1933 (Palaearctic: Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.) *''T. varipennis'' Williston, 1901 (Nearctic: Mexico (Colima, Guerrero, Morelos, Veracruz-Llave).Neotropical: Guatemala.) *''T. vasta'' Coquillett, 1891 (Nearctic: USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada).) *''T. virgata'' Osten Sacken, 1877 (Nearctic: Mexico (Baja California Sur, Sonora), USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Georgia, Idaho, Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas, Utah).) *''T. vitripennis'' Bezzi, 1924 (Afrotropical: Uganda.) *''T. zikani'' (d’Andretta & Carrera, 1950) (Neotropical: Brazil (Rio de Janeiro)) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Toxophora」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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