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Thamud : ウィキペディア英語版
Thamud
The Thamūd (; Arabic: ) is the name of an ancient civilization in Hejaz known from the 1st millennium BC to near the time of Muhammad. The Thamud civilization was located in the north of the peninsula. Although they are thought to have originated in Southern Arabia, Arabic tradition has them moving north to settle on the slopes of Mount Athlab near Mada'in Saleh.
Numerous Thamudic rock writings and pictures have been found on Mount Athlab and throughout central Arabia.〔(Encyclopædia Britannica Online )〕
== History ==
The oldest known reference to Thamud is a 715 BC inscription of the Assyrian king Sargon II which mentions them as being among the people of eastern and central Arabia subjugated by the Assyrians but they were living very early even before Abraham when we compare the family tree of Prophets as their Ancestors were Iram and Ars.〔M. Th. Houtsma et al., eds., ''E.J. Brill's first encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913-1936''〕
They are referred to as "Tamudaei" in the writings of Aristo of Chios, Ptolemy, and Pliny.〔Phillip Hitti, A History of the Arabs, London: Macmillan, 1970, p. 37.〕

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