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Tau-leaping : ウィキペディア英語版
Tau-leaping
In probability theory, tau-leaping, or τ-leaping, is an approximate method for the simulation of a stochastic system. It is based on the Gillespie algorithm, performing all reactions for an interval of length tau before updating the propensity functions. By updating the rates less often this sometimes allows for more efficient simulation and thus the consideration of larger systems.
Many variants of the basic algorithm have been considered.
==Algorithm==
The algorithm is analogous to the Euler method for deterministic systems, but instead of making a fixed change
x(t+\tau)=x(t)+\tau x'(t)
the change is
x(t+\tau)=x(t)+P(\tau x'(t))
where P(\tau x'(t)) is a Poisson distributed random variable with mean \tau x'(t).
Given a state \mathbf(t)=\ with events E_j occurring at rate R_j(\mathbf(t)) and with state change vectors \mathbf_j (where i indexes the state variables, and j indexes the events), the method is as follows:
# Initialise the model with initial conditions \mathbf(t_0)=\.
# Calculate the event rates R_j(\mathbf(t)).
# Choose a time step \tau. This may be fixed, or by some algorithm dependent on the various event rates.
# For each event E_j generate K_j \sim \text(R_j\tau), which is the number of times each event occurs during the time interval [t,t+\tau).
# Update the state by
#:\mathbf(t+\tau)=\mathbf(t)+\sum_j K_jv_
#:where v_ is the change on state variable X_i due to event E_j. At this point it may be necessary to check that no populations have reached unrealistic values (such as a population becoming negative due to the unbounded nature of the Poisson variable K_j).
# Repeat from Step 2 until some desired condition is met (e.g. a particular state variable reaches 0, or time t_1 is reached).

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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