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Spinivalva
''Spinivalva'' is a genus of moths in the Gracillariidae family. It contains only one species, ''Spinivalva gaucha'', which is found in Brazil.
The length of the forewings is 2.78–3.61 mm. The forewings are mostly covered by dark-grey scales. There is a narrow stripe of white scales along the posterior margin. A zigzag edge, formed by short, oblique white fascia, separates this stripe from the remaining, mostly dark-grey area. The hindwings are completely covered by dark-grey scales.
The larvae feed on ''Passiflora actinia'', ''Passiflora misera'' and ''Passiflora suberosa''. They mine the leaves of their host plant. The mine starts as a narrow, slightly serpentine gallery, increasing in width progressively and becoming a blotch during the last larval instar. The larva feeds on the palisade parenchyma. Dark-green granular frass pellets are deposited throughout the mine. The larva leaves the mine through a slit made in the blotch section. Pupation takes place in a cocoon, usually made on the adaxial leaf surface of adjacent leaves.
==Etymology==
The genus name is derived from Latin ''spina'' (meaning spine) and ''valve'' (meaning valve) and refers to the conspicuous spine-like process present on the male valvae. The specific name is derived from the Portuguese ''Gaúcho'', a term commonly used for natives of Rio Grande do Sul, the state in Brazil where the new species was first found.〔(A new Brazilian Passiflora leafminer: Spinivalva gaucha, gen. n., sp. n. (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae, Gracillariinae), the first gracillariid without a sap-feeding instar )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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