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Siachen Glacier
The Siachen Glacier (Hindi: सियाचेन ) (Urdu:سیاچین) is located in the eastern Karakoram range in the Himalaya Mountains at about , just northeast of the point NJ9842 where the Line of Control between India and Pakistan ends.〔〔(The Saltoro Range-Pullout will be a Himalayan blunder by G. Parthasarathy )〕 At long, it is the longest glacier in the Karakoram and second-longest in the world's non-polar areas.〔Siachen Glacier is long; Tajikistan's Fedchenko Glacier is long. The second longest in the Karakoram Mountains is the Biafo Glacier at . Measurements are from recent imagery, supplemented with Russian 1:200,000 scale topographic mapping as well as the 1990 "Orographic Sketch Map: Karakoram: Sheet 2", Swiss Foundation for Alpine Research, Zurich.〕 It falls from an altitude of 5,753 m (18,875 ft) above sea level at its head at Indira Col on the China border down to 3,620 m (11,875 ft) at its terminus. Entire Siachen Glacier with all major passes is currently under administration of India since 1984, while Pakistan controls region west of Saltoro Ridge.
The Siachen Glacier lies immediately south of the great drainage divide that separates the Eurasian Plate from the Indian subcontinent in the extensively glaciated portion of the Karakoram sometimes called the "Third Pole". The glacier lies between the Saltoro Ridge immediately to the west and the main Karakoram range to the east. The Saltoro Ridge originates in the north from the Sia Kangri peak on the China border in the Karakoram range. The crest of the Saltoro Ridge's altitudes range from 5,450 to 7,720 m (17,880 to 25,330 feet). The major passes on this ridge are, from north to south, Sia La at 5,589 m (18,336 ft), Bilafond La at 5,450 m (17,880 ft), and Gyong La at 5,689 m (18,665 ft). The average winter snowfall is more than 1000 cm (35 ft) and temperatures can dip to . Including all tributary glaciers, the Siachen Glacier system covers about .
== Etymology ==
"Sia" in the Balti language refers to the rose family plant widely dispersed in the region. "Chun" references any object found in abundance. Thus the name Siachen refers to a land with an abundance of roses. The naming of the glacier itself, or at least its currency, is attributed to Tom Longstaff.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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