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Shorea
''Shorea'' is a genus of about 196 species of mainly rainforest trees in the family Dipterocarpaceae. The genus is named after Sir John Shore, the Governor-General of the British East India Company, 1793–1798. They are native to southeast Asia, from Northern India to Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines. In west Malesia and the Philippines this genus dominates the skyline of the tropical forests. The tallest documented tropical angiosperm is an 88.3-metre-tall ''Shorea faguetiana'' in the Tawau Hills National Park, in Sabah on the island of Borneo, and in that park at least five other species of the genus have been measured to be over 80 m tall: ''S. argentifolia'', ''S. gibbosa'', ''S. johorensis'', ''S. smithiana'' and ''S. superba''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Borneo )〕 Borneo is also the hotspot of ''Shorea'' diversity with 138 species, of which 91 are endemic to the island.〔Ashton, P. S. "Dipterocarpaceae". In ''Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak,'' Volume 5, 2004. Soepadmo, E.; Saw, L. G. and Chung, R. C. K. eds. Government of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. ISBN 983-2181-59-3〕
Many economically important timber trees belong to the genus, sold under names including "meranti", "lauan", "lawaan", "seraya", "balau", "bangkirai" and "Philippine mahogany".
==Reproductive biology==
The majority of ''Shorea'' are ''general flowering'' species. General flowering is an event that occurs at irregular intervals of 3–10 yr, in which nearly all dipterocarp species together with species of other families bloom heavily. It is thought that general flowering evolved to satiate seed predators and/or to facilitate pollination.〔 It appears that both explanations hold merit. Flowering is thought to be triggered by droughts that occur during transition periods from La Niña to El Niño. It is suggested that the magnitude of a flowering event is dependent on the timing of the droughts associated with the El Niño southern oscillation (ENSO) cycle, with the largest events occurring after an interval of several years with no flowering.〔
''Shorea'' are insect pollinated and a variety of insects have been implicated, with species within the sections of ''Shorea'' sharing the same insect pollinators. Flowering within a section is sequential within one habitat and species association to prevent competition for pollinators.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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