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Sabagadis (baptismal name "Za-Manfas Qedus"; c. 1770–1831) was a Dejazmach or governor of Tigray, a province in northern Ethiopia. He was the son of ''Shum'' Waldu of Agame, and a member of the Irob people. == Life == Sabagadis gained some notoriety in the first decade of the 19th century for rebelling a number of times against his overlord, ''Ras'' Wolde Selassie. But just before the death of Wolde Selassie it seems that he made up with his master and became one of his loyal lieutenants. Following Wolde Selassie's death in 1816, he defied the authority of Wolde Selassie's son, and became the most powerful warlord in Tigray. Making Adigrat his capital, he ruled Tigray, Semien, and a small strip of the coastal plains of Eritrea by 1818.〔Richard K.P. Pankhurst, ''History of Ethiopian Towns'' (Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1982), vol. 1 p. 210.〕 His rule also extended to the Eritrean highlands (Hamasien, Akele Guzay, and Seraye).〔Coulbeaux, Jean-Baptiste, ''Histoire Politique et Religieuse d’Abyssinie: Depuis les temps les plus reculés jusqu’à l’avènement de Ménélik II'', 3 vols. (Paris, Geuthner, 1928), pp.381-382.〕 ''Dejazmach'' Sabagadis believed that firearms were vital to neutralize the power of the Yejju cavalry, so he devoted much time and effort to both collecting them, and seeking European help in buying them; this included seeking British help—or at least permission—to capture the port of Massawa. As a consequence, Sabagadis was one of the first Ethiopians to attempt building peaceful relationships with other countries in modern times. As a result of these things, by the 1820s he was seen both in Europe—and in Ethiopia—as the champion of Christianity.〔''Nuovi documenti'', p. 376; Abba Tekla Haimanont: ''Abouna Yacob'', Paris, 1914, p.91〕 Three of his letters have survived. One to the Patriarch of Alexandria Peter complains of the behavior of Abuna Qerellos, sarcastically asking, "Was it because you hated Ethiopia that you sent him? Did you not know his conduct before, () so you sent him?" Another one is addressed to King George IV of Great Britain, asking for "one hundred cavalrymen, a carpenter, () a church builder who will build the way (do ) in your country".〔All three are translated with facsimiles of the original text in Sven Rubenson (editor), ''Correspondence and Treaties (1800-1854)'' (Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1987), pp. 24–9.〕 ''Sabagadis'' maintained constant communication with the most important Christian lords in Ethiopia. Building upon his reputation, he formed a coalition with the warlords of Gojjam, Lasta and Semien against ''Ras'' Marye of Yejju, the ''Enderase'' or regent of the Emperor. Marye defeated ''Dejazmach'' Goshu in Gojjam, marched the bulk of his army to Lasta, then quickly turned to Semien Province and attacked Wube Haile Maryam. Subagadis watched the battle on the border of Lasta, and subsequently did not come to the aid of Wube. Wube preferred to submit to Marye rather than have to face him alone. Marye decided to put an end to the Tigrayan threat. At the head of contingents from Wollo, Yejju, Begemder and Amhara, and now (forcibly) supported by the armies of Wube and Goshu, Marye advanced beyond the Tekezé River into Tigray.〔Paul B. Henze, ''Layers of Time: A History of Ethiopia'' (New York: Palgrave, 2000), p. 123.〕 The armies of ''Dejazmach'' Sabagadis and ''Ras'' Marye met on the 14 February 1831 and the Battle of Debre Abbay began. Although the Tigrayans had by far the greater number of firearms, the matchlockmen were poorly employed and the Yejju cavalry won the field after a bloody fight. ''Ras'' Sabagadis would surrender only to ''Ras'' Wube, his son-in-law. Wube dutifully handed him over to Marye's followers. On the 15th of February they beat ''Dejazmach'' Hagos Subagadis to death, and executed Sabagadis in retaliation for Marye's death.〔Mordechai Abir, ''The Era of the Princes: the Challenge of Islam and the Re-unification of the Christian empire, 1769-1855'' (London: Longmans, 1968), p. 35.〕 His remains reportedly were later interred at the monastery of Gunda Gunde.〔A. Devlin, ''Abyssinia and its Apostle'', May Lady Herbert translator (London, 1867), p. 78〕 Nearly a year after his death, although he was a Tigrayan, people all over the Amhara provinces lamented Sabagadis: Alas! Sabagadis, the friend of all, 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sabagadis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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