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STOLport
A STOLport or STOLPORT was an airport designed with STOL (Short Take-Off and Landing) operations in mind, usually for an aircraft class of its weight and size. The term STOLport did not appear to be in common usage as of 2008. A STOLport normally had a short single runway, in general shorter than . STOLports only accepted certain types of aircraft, often only smaller propeller aircraft, often with limits on the amount of fuel that can be taken. In the United States, short runway facilities are simply known as airports and the term STOLport has not been commonly used since the early 1970s.
== STOLports in North America ==
The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) defines STOLports as "unique airports designed to serve airplanes that have exceptional short-field performance capabilities."〔''(Stolport Manual )'' (Doc 9150) International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)〕
In the United States, a STOLport is one of several types of facilities. STOLports are identified with an S at the end of the site ID.〔FAA. (Advisory Circular 150/5200-35 ). Page 6. (PDF page 8) FAA SITE NR S = Stolport〕 For example, Calvert Peak STOLport is listed as FAA site number 19448.1
*S.〔(OR73 ).〕 As of January 2009, around 80 facilities are coded as STOLports by the FAA in the United States.〔FAA. (Airport Data (5010) & Contact Information ). The January 15, 2009 NFDC facility database listed 82 facilities as TYPE=STOLPORT. The NFDC runway database listed 2 runways as having "STOL" markings and 6 runways designated with an "S" meaning "STOL runway"〕 According to the FAA in 1968, twenty-five potential STOLport sites were identified in the Northeast Megalopolis.In the early 1970s, a study was conducted to help the FAA to determine if it was necessary to create an elevated STOLport test facility.〔(Elevated STOLport Test Facility Conceptual Development and Cost Study ). April 1973.〕 At one point in 1968, a STOLport was under consideration for a roof top in Manhattan.〔''DECISION HELD UP ON SHIP TERMINAL; Council Unit Asks Agencies for Additional Data'' The New York Times. December 13, 1968〕 The Billy Bishop Toronto City Airport, with a longest runway of , went into a period of decline in the 1980s and 1990s, but has since been revitalized as a city centre airport by Porter Airlines, flying de Havilland Canada DHC-8 Dash 8 Q400 turboprops. However, it is not officially designated as a STOLport.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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