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Resistivity : ウィキペディア英語版
Electrical resistivity and conductivity

Electrical resistivity (also known as resistivity, specific electrical resistance, or volume resistivity) is an intrinsic property that quantifies how strongly a given material opposes the flow of electric current. A low resistivity indicates a material that readily allows the flow of electric current. Resistivity is commonly represented by the Greek letter ρ (rho). The SI unit of electrical resistivity is the ohmmetre (Ω⋅m) although other units like ohmcentimetre (Ω⋅cm) are also in use. As an example, if a solid cube of material has sheet contacts on two opposite faces, and the resistance between these contacts is 1 Ω, then the resistivity of the material is 1 Ω⋅m.
Electrical conductivity or specific conductance is the reciprocal of electrical resistivity, and measures a material's ability to conduct an electric current. It is commonly represented by the Greek letter σ (sigma), but κ (kappa) (especially in electrical engineering) or γ (gamma) are also occasionally used. Its SI unit is siemens per metre (S/m) and CGSE unit is reciprocal second (s−1).
Another related quantity, widely used in the literature of plasma physics, is the magnetic diffusivity defined as \eta=\rho/\mu_0\equiv 1/\sigma \mu_0 where \mu_0 is the magnetic permeability. The unit of the magnetic diffusivity, in SI, is mA^2 \Omega N^.
== Definition ==


抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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