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Rehbar was series of sounding rocket launches into the upper atmosphere and the edge of space. Rehbar-I was the first rocket launched by Pakistan's Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO), on 7 June 1962.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=SIPARCO History )〕 Rehbar-I was a two-staged Solid fuel rocket. Various sounding rocket models were launched by Pakistan approximately 200 times between 1962 and 1972. Twenty-four of those flights were in the Rehbar series.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Chronology of Pakistan's rocket tests )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sonmiani )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Pakistan )〕 The Rehbar series of flights utilized no less than three and possibly four different sounding rockets.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Chronology of Pakistan's rocket tests )〕 The rockets used were Centaure,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Centaure )〕 Judy-Dart,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Judy-Dart )〕 Nike-Cajun,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Nike Apache )〕 and according to one source Nike-Apache.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sonmiani )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Nike Cajun )〕 Other sounding rockets used by Pakistan were Dragon 2B,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Dragon 2B )〕Petrel,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Petrel )〕 and Skua.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Skua )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Pakistan )〕 The Rehbar Sounding Rockets are no longer in services of SUPARCO. Rehbar is an Urdu Language word which literary means "One who leads the way". == Description == In 1960, President John F. Kennedy challenged US scientists to land Americans on the moon and bring them back safely to earth, before the decade was out. NASA rose to the occasion and achieved this staggering task with the landing of Apollo 11 on the moon in 1969. In 1961, NASA realized that the Indian Ocean region was a black hole of data relating to the wind structure of the upper atmosphere which was badly needed for NASA's satellite/Apollo programs. NASA offered all countries on the littoral of the Indian Ocean help to establish rocket ranges in order to obtain such data on condition of fully sharing it with NASA. President Ayub Khan accompanied by his Chief Scientific Advisor Prof. Abdus Salam were on a state visit in the U.S at the time. Pakistan seized the offer and Prof. Abdus Salam invited Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission's (PAEC) senior engineer Tariq Mustafa to join him in meeting with NASA officials in September 1961 to finalize the arrangement and Pakistan was the first country to take up the offer. The Rehbar sounding rocket program was built around the U.S Nike-Cajun/Apache rockets carrying sodium vapor and experiments to measure the wind velocities and wind shears in the upper atmosphere. The 5-member team responsible for this pioneering program was led by Tariq Mustafa and included Salim Mehmud and Sikander Zaman both of whom later became Chairmen of SUPARCO. Rehbar-1 was launched on 7 June 1962. In a period of nine months; the Pakistani team was established, their training completed in US facilities, the rocket range equipment and instrumentation procured, the scientific payloads selected, construction of the rocket range at Sonmiani completed and the first rocket successfully launched. This was a unique achievement that even surprised NASA's specialists. Pakistan was the first amongst all developing (including Brazil, China and India) and Islamic countries to carry out a scientific rocketry program. The Rehbar-I successful launch carried a payload of 80 pounds of sodium and it streaked up about 130 km into the atmosphere. The Rehbar-I was a two-stage rocket with all solid-propellant motors. The first launch of the Rehbar-I took place in Sonmiani on 7 June 1962. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rehbar-I」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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